Stephen’s Speech to the Sanhedrin
1Then the high priest asked Stephen, “Are these charges true?”
2To this he replied: “Brothers and fathers, listen to me! The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham while he was still in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Harran. 3‘Leave your country and your people,’ God said, ‘and go to the land I will show you.’7:3 Gen. 12:1
4“So he left the land of the Chaldeans and settled in Harran. After the death of his father, God sent him to this land where you are now living. 5He gave him no inheritance here, not even enough ground to set his foot on. But God promised him that he and his descendants after him would possess the land, even though at that time Abraham had no child. 6God spoke to him in this way: ‘For four hundred years your descendants will be strangers in a country not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated. 7But I will punish the nation they serve as slaves,’ God said, ‘and afterward they will come out of that country and worship me in this place.’7:7 Gen. 15:13,14 8Then he gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision. And Abraham became the father of Isaac and circumcised him eight days after his birth. Later Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob became the father of the twelve patriarchs.
9“Because the patriarchs were jealous of Joseph, they sold him as a slave into Egypt. But God was with him 10and rescued him from all his troubles. He gave Joseph wisdom and enabled him to gain the goodwill of Pharaoh king of Egypt. So Pharaoh made him ruler over Egypt and all his palace.
11“Then a famine struck all Egypt and Canaan, bringing great suffering, and our ancestors could not find food. 12When Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent our forefathers on their first visit. 13On their second visit, Joseph told his brothers who he was, and Pharaoh learned about Joseph’s family. 14After this, Joseph sent for his father Jacob and his whole family, seventy-five in all. 15Then Jacob went down to Egypt, where he and our ancestors died. 16Their bodies were brought back to Shechem and placed in the tomb that Abraham had bought from the sons of Hamor at Shechem for a certain sum of money.
17“As the time drew near for God to fulfill his promise to Abraham, the number of our people in Egypt had greatly increased. 18Then ‘a new king, to whom Joseph meant nothing, came to power in Egypt.’7:18 Exodus 1:8 19He dealt treacherously with our people and oppressed our ancestors by forcing them to throw out their newborn babies so that they would die.
20“At that time Moses was born, and he was no ordinary child.7:20 Or was fair in the sight of God For three months he was cared for by his family. 21When he was placed outside, Pharaoh’s daughter took him and brought him up as her own son. 22Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians and was powerful in speech and action.
23“When Moses was forty years old, he decided to visit his own people, the Israelites. 24He saw one of them being mistreated by an Egyptian, so he went to his defense and avenged him by killing the Egyptian. 25Moses thought that his own people would realize that God was using him to rescue them, but they did not. 26The next day Moses came upon two Israelites who were fighting. He tried to reconcile them by saying, ‘Men, you are brothers; why do you want to hurt each other?’
27“But the man who was mistreating the other pushed Moses aside and said, ‘Who made you ruler and judge over us? 28Are you thinking of killing me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?’7:28 Exodus 2:14 29When Moses heard this, he fled to Midian, where he settled as a foreigner and had two sons.
30“After forty years had passed, an angel appeared to Moses in the flames of a burning bush in the desert near Mount Sinai. 31When he saw this, he was amazed at the sight. As he went over to get a closer look, he heard the Lord say: 32‘I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.’7:32 Exodus 3:6 Moses trembled with fear and did not dare to look.
33“Then the Lord said to him, ‘Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground. 34I have indeed seen the oppression of my people in Egypt. I have heard their groaning and have come down to set them free. Now come, I will send you back to Egypt.’7:34 Exodus 3:5,7,8,10
35“This is the same Moses they had rejected with the words, ‘Who made you ruler and judge?’ He was sent to be their ruler and deliverer by God himself, through the angel who appeared to him in the bush. 36He led them out of Egypt and performed wonders and signs in Egypt, at the Red Sea and for forty years in the wilderness.
37“This is the Moses who told the Israelites, ‘God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your own people.’7:37 Deut. 18:15 38He was in the assembly in the wilderness, with the angel who spoke to him on Mount Sinai, and with our ancestors; and he received living words to pass on to us.
39“But our ancestors refused to obey him. Instead, they rejected him and in their hearts turned back to Egypt. 40They told Aaron, ‘Make us gods who will go before us. As for this fellow Moses who led us out of Egypt—we don’t know what has happened to him!’7:40 Exodus 32:1 41That was the time they made an idol in the form of a calf. They brought sacrifices to it and reveled in what their own hands had made. 42But God turned away from them and gave them over to the worship of the sun, moon and stars. This agrees with what is written in the book of the prophets:
“ ‘Did you bring me sacrifices and offerings
forty years in the wilderness, people of Israel?
43You have taken up the tabernacle of Molek
and the star of your god Rephan,
the idols you made to worship.
Therefore I will send you into exile’7:43 Amos 5:25-27 (see Septuagint) beyond Babylon.
44“Our ancestors had the tabernacle of the covenant law with them in the wilderness. It had been made as God directed Moses, according to the pattern he had seen. 45After receiving the tabernacle, our ancestors under Joshua brought it with them when they took the land from the nations God drove out before them. It remained in the land until the time of David, 46who enjoyed God’s favor and asked that he might provide a dwelling place for the God of Jacob.7:46 Some early manuscripts the house of Jacob 47But it was Solomon who built a house for him.
48“However, the Most High does not live in houses made by human hands. As the prophet says:
49“ ‘Heaven is my throne,
and the earth is my footstool.
What kind of house will you build for me?
says the Lord.
Or where will my resting place be?
50Has not my hand made all these things?’7:50 Isaiah 66:1,2
51“You stiff-necked people! Your hearts and ears are still uncircumcised. You are just like your ancestors: You always resist the Holy Spirit! 52Was there ever a prophet your ancestors did not persecute? They even killed those who predicted the coming of the Righteous One. And now you have betrayed and murdered him— 53you who have received the law that was given through angels but have not obeyed it.”
The Stoning of Stephen
54When the members of the Sanhedrin heard this, they were furious and gnashed their teeth at him. 55But Stephen, full of the Holy Spirit, looked up to heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God. 56“Look,” he said, “I see heaven open and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.”
57At this they covered their ears and, yelling at the top of their voices, they all rushed at him, 58dragged him out of the city and began to stone him. Meanwhile, the witnesses laid their coats at the feet of a young man named Saul.
59While they were stoning him, Stephen prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” 60Then he fell on his knees and cried out, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.” When he had said this, he fell asleep.
Stjepanov govor pred Vijećem
1Veliki svećenik ga upita: “Je li to istina?”
2Stjepan odgovori: “Braćo i časni oci, poslušajte me! Naš se slavni Bog ukazao našemu ocu Abrahamu u Mezopotamiji, prije nego što se nastanio u Haranu. 3Rekao mu je: ‘Idi iz svoje zemlje, iz svojega zavičaja, u zemlju koju ću ti pokazati.’7:3 Postanak 12:1. 4Abraham tako napusti kaldejsku zemlju i nastani se u Haranu. Odande ga je Bog, nakon smrti njegova oca, preselio u ovu zemlju u kojoj vi sada živite. 5Ali nije mu u njoj dao nikakvu baštinu, ni stopu zemlje, nego ju je obećao dati njemu i njegovim potomcima iako Abraham još nije imao djece. 6Bog mu je također rekao da će njegovi potomci živjeti u tuđoj zemlji kao robovi i da će ih ondje tlačiti četiri stotine godina. 7Ali rekao je: ‘Narodu kojemu će robovati ja ću suditi. A zatim će izići i klanjati mi se na ovomu mjestu.’7:5-7 Postanak 15:13-14. 8Zatim je Bog s Abrahamom sklopio savez obrezanja. Tako je Izak, Abrahamov sin, obrezan kad mu je bilo osam dana. Izak je tako učinio sa svojim sinom Jakovom, a Jakov s dvanaestoricom sinova, patrijarsima židovskoga naroda.
9A Jakovljevi sinovi, patrijarsi, bili su ljubomorni na svojega brata, Josipa, pa su ga prodali kao roba u Egipat. Ali Bog je bio s njim 10i izbavljao ga iz svih nevolja. Darivao ga je svojom naklonošću i mudrošću pred egipatskim kraljem, faraonom, te ga je on postavio za upravitelja Egipta i cijeloga svojeg dvora.
11Poslije je zavladala glad u cijelome Egiptu i Kanaanu. Naši su preci bili u velikoj nevolji: nisu mogli naći hrane. 12Jakov je čuo da u Egiptu ima žita pa je onamo poslao svoje sinove, naše pretke. 13Kad su drugi put otišli onamo, Josip je otkrio braći tko je, pa je faraon upoznao njegovu obitelj. 14Zatim je Josip poslao po svojega oca Jakova i svu svoju rodbinu da dođu u Egipat. Bilo ih je sedamdeset pet. 15Tako je Jakov došao u Egipat. Ondje su umrli on i njegovi sinovi, naši preci. 16Prenijeli su ih u Sihem i položili u grob koji je Abraham za srebro kupio od Hamorovih sinova.
17Kako se bližilo vrijeme ispunjenja obećanja koje je Bog dao Abrahamu, u Egiptu je naš narod rastao i množio se. 18Ali na egipatsko prijestolje dođe novi kralj, koji nije poznavao Josipa. 19Zlostavljao je naše pretke i primoravao roditelje da ostavljaju svoju novorođenčad da pomre.
20U to se doba rodio Mojsije. Bio je prelijepo dijete. Roditelji su se o njemu brinuli tri mjeseca. 21Kad su ga na koncu morali ostaviti, pronašla ga je faraonova kći i odgojila kao vlastitoga sina. 22Mojsije je poučen svoj egipatskoj mudrosti. Postao je silnim i u riječima i na djelima.
23Kad mu je bilo četrdeset godina, srce ga ponuka da posjeti svoje rođake, izraelski narod. 24Ondje ugleda kako neki Egipćanin zlostavlja Izraelca. Braneći zlostavljanog Izraelca, suprotstavi se Egipćaninu te se osveti i ubije ga. 25Mislio je da će njegova braća shvatiti kako ga je Bog poslao da ih spasi, ali oni nisu razumjeli.
26Sutradan opet ode k njima i ugleda kako se tuku dva Izraelca. Počne ih nagovarati da se pomire: ‘Ljudi!’ reče im. ‘Braća ste! Zašto zlostavljate jedni druge?!’
27Ali onaj koji je zlostavljao bližnjega odgurne Mojsija i reče: ‘Tko je tebe postavio poglavarom i sucem nad nama? 28Kaniš li i mene ubiti kao onoga Egipćanina jučer?’ 29Kad je to čuo, Mojsije pobjegne i skloni se u midjansku zemlju. Ondje su mu se rodila dva sina.
30Četrdeset godina nakon toga ukazao mu se anđeo u pustinji blizu gore Sinaja, u plamtećoj vatri gorućega grma. 31Mojsije je opazio gorući grm i zadivljen se pitao što je to. Dok je prilazio da bolje pogleda, začuje Gospodnji glas: 32‘Ja sam Abrahamov, Izakov i Jakovljev Bog.’ Mojsije se silno preplaši. Nije se usuđivao gledati.
33Gospodin mu reče: ‘Izuj sandale s nogu jer stojiš na svetoj zemlji. 34Dobro sam vidio nevolju svojega naroda u Egiptu i čuo njegove uzdahe. Sišao sam da ga izbavim. Idi sada! Šaljem te u Egipat!’7:31-34 Izlazak 3:5-10.
35Toga istog Mojsija kojega su se odrekli pitajući ga: ‘Tko je tebe postavio poglavarom i sucem nad nama?’ Bog im je poslao kao poglavara i otkupitelja da ih izbavi, preko anđela koji mu se ukazao u gorućem grmu. 36On ih je izveo iz Egipta čineći čudesa i znakovlje. Vodio ih je kroz Crveno more i kroz pustinju četrdeset godina.
37Taj je isti Mojsije rekao izraelskome narodu: ‘Bog će vam podignuti proroka poput mene iz vašega vlastitog naroda.’7:37 Ponovljeni zakon 18:15. 38Isti je Mojsije bio posrednikom između izraelskoga naroda i anđela koji mu je dao riječi života na gori Sinaju da ih preda nama.
39Naši preci nisu mu se htjeli pokoriti, nego su ga odbili i srcima se opet okrenuli prema Egiptu. 40Rekli su Aronu: ‘Napravi nam bogove koji će ići pred nama jer ne znamo što se dogodilo s Mojsijem koji nas je izveo iz Egipta!’ 41Načinili su idola u obliku teleta, prinijeli mu žrtve i veselili se tomu što su učinili. 42A Bog se okrenuo od njih i pustio ih da se klanjaju suncu, mjesecu i zvijezdama kao svojim bogovima. U proročkoj je knjizi zapisano:
‘Zar ste meni prinosili žrtve
za četrdeset godina u pustinji, Izraele?
43Ne; okrenuli ste se poganskim bogovima—
Molohovu svetištu
i zvijezdi boga Refana,
likovima koje ste načinili da biste im se klanjali.
Zato ću vas odvesti u progonstvo
dalje od Babilona!’7:42-43 Amos 5:25-27.
44Naši su preci sa sobom kroz pustinju nosili Šator svjedočanstva. Bio je načinjen točno prema predlošku koji je Mojsiju pokazao Bog. 45Mnogo godina zatim, kad je Jošua ratovao protiv poganskih naroda koje je Bog istjerao iz te zemlje, Šator su unijeli sa sobom u novu zemlju. Ondje je ostao sve do vremena kralja Davida.
46Davidu je Bog bio milostiv, te ga je zamolio za dopuštenje da izgradi Hram Jakovljevu Bogu. 47Ali izgradio ga je tek Salomon. 48Ipak, Svevišnji ne prebiva u hramovima koje su izgradile ljudske ruke. Kao što kaže prorok:
49‘Nebo mi je prijestolje,
a zemlja podnožje mojim nogama.
Kakav mi vi dom možete izgraditi?
Gdje da počivam?
50Zar nije moja ruka stvorila sve u nebu i na zemlji?’7:49-50 Izaija 66:1-2.
51Tvrdoglavi ste! Pogani ste u srcima i gluhi za istinu!7:51 U grčkome: neobrezanih srca i ušiju. Uvijek se opirete Svetome Duhu, baš kao i vaši preci! 52Ima li ijedan prorok kojega vaši oci nisu progonili? Pobili su one koji su pretkazali dolazak Pravednika—kojega ste vi izdali i smaknuli. 53Preko anđela ste dobili Zakon, a niste ga se držali!”
54Kad su to čuli, židovski se vođe toliko razgnjeve na Stjepana da na njega počnu škripati zubima. 55Ali Stjepan, pun Svetoga Duha, upre pogled u nebo i ugleda Božju slavu i Isusa kako stoji na počasnome mjestu, Bogu zdesna. 56“Vidim otvorena nebesa”, reče, “i Sina Čovječjega kako stoji zdesna Bogu.”
57Oni nato rukama poklope uši i vičući iz svega glasa složno navale na njega. 58Izvuku ga iz grada i počnu kamenovati. Svjedoci odlože ogrtače do nogu mladića Savla.7:58 Savao se također zove Pavao. Vidjeti: 13:9.
59Dok su ga kamenovali, Stjepan je zazivao: “Gospodine Isuse, primi moj duh!” 60Zatim se baci na koljena i poviče iz sve snage: “Gospodine, ne uzmi im ovo za grijeh!” Pošto to izgovori, izdahne.
