El culto en el santuario terrenal
1El primer pacto tenía sus normas para el culto y un santuario terrenal. 2Se habilitó ese santuario de tal modo que en su primera parte, llamada el Lugar Santo, estaban el candelabro, la mesa y los panes consagrados. 3Tras la segunda cortina estaba la parte llamada el Lugar Santísimo, 4el cual tenía el altar de oro para el incienso y el arca del pacto, toda recubierta de oro. Dentro del arca había una vasija de oro que contenía el maná, la vara de Aarón que había retoñado y las tablas del pacto. 5Encima del arca estaban los querubines de la gloria, que cubrían con su sombra la tapa del arca. Pero ahora no se puede hablar de eso en detalle.
6Así dispuestas todas estas cosas, los sacerdotes entran continuamente en la primera parte del santuario para celebrar el culto. 7Pero en la segunda parte entra únicamente el sumo sacerdote, y solo una vez al año, provisto siempre de sangre que ofrece por sí mismo y por los pecados de ignorancia cometidos por el pueblo. 8Con esto el Espíritu Santo da a entender que, mientras siga en pie el primer santuario, aún no se habrá revelado el camino que conduce al Lugar Santísimo. 9Esto nos ilustra hoy día que las ofrendas y los sacrificios que allí se ofrecen no tienen poder alguno para perfeccionar la conciencia de los que celebran ese culto. 10No se trata más que de regulaciones externas relacionadas con alimentos, bebidas y diversas ceremonias de purificación, que son válidas solo hasta el tiempo señalado para reformarlo todo.
La sangre de Cristo
11Pero Cristo, al presentarse como sumo sacerdote de los bienes definitivos9:11 definitivos. Var. venideros. en el santuario más excelente y perfecto, no hecho por manos humanas (es decir, que no es de esta creación), 12entró una sola vez y para siempre en el Lugar Santísimo. No lo hizo con sangre de machos cabríos y becerros, sino con su propia sangre, logrando así un rescate eterno. 13La sangre de machos cabríos y de toros, y las cenizas de una novilla rociadas sobre personas impuras, las santifican de modo que quedan limpias por fuera. 14Si esto es así, ¡cuánto más la sangre de Cristo, quien por medio del Espíritu eterno se ofreció sin mancha a Dios, purificará nuestra conciencia de las obras que conducen a la muerte, a fin de que sirvamos al Dios viviente!
15Por eso Cristo es mediador de un nuevo pacto, para que los llamados reciban la herencia eterna prometida, ahora que él ha muerto para liberarlos de las transgresiones cometidas bajo el primer pacto.
16En el caso de un testamento,9:15-16 En griego la misma palabra se emplea para pacto y para testamento; también en v. 17. es necesario constatar la muerte del testador, 17pues un testamento solo adquiere validez cuando el que lo hizo muere y no entra en vigor mientras vive. 18De ahí que ni siquiera el primer pacto se haya establecido sin sangre. 19Después de promulgar todos los mandamientos de la Ley a todo el pueblo, Moisés tomó la sangre de los becerros junto con agua, lana escarlata y ramas de hisopo, y roció el libro de la Ley y a todo el pueblo, 20diciendo: «Esta es la sangre del pacto que Dios ha mandado que ustedes cumplan».9:20 Éx 24:8. 21De la misma manera, roció con la sangre el santuario y todos los objetos que se usaban en el culto. 22De hecho, la Ley exige que casi todo sea purificado con sangre, pues sin derramamiento de sangre no hay perdón.
23Así que era necesario que los modelos de las realidades celestiales fueran purificados con esos sacrificios, pero que las realidades mismas lo fueran con sacrificios superiores a aquellos. 24Por eso Cristo no entró en un santuario hecho por manos humanas, simple copia del verdadero santuario, sino en el cielo mismo, para presentarse ahora ante Dios en favor nuestro. 25Tampoco entró en el cielo para ofrecerse vez tras vez, como entra el sumo sacerdote en el Lugar Santísimo cada año con sangre ajena. 26Si así fuera, Cristo habría tenido que sufrir muchas veces desde la creación del mundo. Al contrario, ahora, al final de los tiempos, se ha presentado una sola vez y para siempre a fin de acabar con el pecado mediante el sacrificio de sí mismo. 27Así como está establecido que los seres humanos mueran una sola vez y después venga el juicio, 28también Cristo fue ofrecido en sacrificio una sola vez para quitar los pecados de muchos. Aparecerá por segunda vez ya no para cargar con pecado alguno, sino para traer salvación a quienes lo esperan.
Worship in the Holy Tent on Earth
1The first covenant had rules for worship. It also had a sacred tent on earth. 2A holy tent was set up. The lampstand was in the first room. So was the table with its holy bread. That was called the Holy Room. 3Behind the second curtain was a room called the Most Holy Room. 4It had the golden altar for incense. It also had the wooden chest called the ark of the covenant. The ark was covered with gold. It held the gold jar of manna. It held Aaron’s walking stick that had budded. It also held the stone tablets. The words of the covenant were written on them. 5The cherubim were above the ark. God showed his glory there. The cherubim spread their wings over the place where sin was paid for. But we can’t say everything about these things now.
6That’s how everything was arranged in the holy tent. The priests entered it at regular times. They went into the outer room to do their work for God and others. 7But only the high priest went into the inner room. He went in only once a year. He never entered without taking blood with him. He offered the blood for himself. He also offered it for the sins the people had committed because they didn’t know any better. 8Here is what the Holy Spirit was showing us. He was telling us that God had not yet clearly shown the way into the Most Holy Room. It would not be clearly shown as long as the first holy tent was still being used. 9That’s an example for the present time. It shows us that the gifts and sacrifices people offered were not enough. They were not able to remove the worshiper’s feelings of guilt. 10They deal only with food and drink and different kinds of special washings. They are rules people had to obey only until the new covenant came.
The Blood of Christ
11But Christ came to be the high priest of the good things already here now. When he came, he went through the greater and more perfect holy tent. This tent was not made with human hands. In other words, it is not a part of this creation. 12He did not enter by spilling the blood of goats and calves. He entered the Most Holy Room by spilling his own blood. He did it once and for all time. In this way, he paid the price to set us free from sin forever. 13The blood of goats and bulls is sprinkled on people. So are the ashes of a young cow. They are sprinkled on people the law called “unclean.” The people are sprinkled to make them holy. That makes them “clean” on the outside. 14But Christ offered himself to God without any flaw. He did this through the power of the eternal Holy Spirit. So how much cleaner will the blood of Christ make us! It washes away our feelings of guilt for committing sin. Sin always leads to death. But now we can serve the living God.
15That’s why Christ is the go-between of a new covenant. Now those God calls to himself will receive the eternal gift he promised. They will receive it now that Christ has died to save them. He died to set them free from the sins they committed under the first covenant.
16What happens when someone leaves a will? It is necessary to prove that the person who made the will has died. 17A will is in effect only when somebody has died. It never takes effect while the one who made it is still living. 18That’s why even the first covenant was not put into effect without the spilling of blood. 19Moses first announced every command of the law to all the people. Then he took the blood of calves. He also took water, bright red wool and branches of a hyssop plant. He sprinkled the Book of the Covenant. He also sprinkled all the people. 20He said, “This is the blood of the covenant God has commanded you to keep.” (Exodus 24:8) 21In the same way, he sprinkled the holy tent with blood. He also sprinkled everything that was used in worship there. 22In fact, the law requires that nearly everything be made “clean” with blood. Without the spilling of blood, no one can be forgiven.
23So the copies of the heavenly things had to be made pure with these sacrifices. But the heavenly things themselves had to be made pure with better sacrifices. 24Christ did not enter a sacred tent made with human hands. That tent was only a copy of the true one. He entered heaven itself. He did it to stand in front of God for us. He is there right now. 25The high priest enters the Most Holy Room every year. He enters with blood that is not his own. But Christ did not enter heaven to offer himself again and again. 26If he had, he would have had to suffer many times since the world was created. But he has appeared once and for all time. He has come at the time when God’s work is being completed. He has come to do away with sin by offering himself. 27People have to die once. After that, God will judge them. 28In the same way, Christ was offered up once. He took away the sins of many people. He will also come a second time. At that time he will not suffer for sin. Instead, he will come to bring salvation to those who are waiting for him.
