ኢዮስያስ ኪዳኑን ዐደሰ
23፥1-3 ተጓ ምብ – 2ዜና 34፥29-32
23፥4-20 ተጓ ምብ – 2ዜና 34፥3-7፤ 33
23፥21-23 ተጓ ምብ – 2ዜና 35፥1፡18-19
23፥28-30 ተጓ ምብ – 2ዜና 35፥20–36፥1
1ከዚያም ንጉሡ የይሁዳንና የኢየሩሳሌምን ሽማግሌዎች ሁሉ ጠራ። 2የይሁዳን ሰዎች ሁሉ፣ የኢየሩሳሌምን ከተማ ነዋሪዎች በሙሉ፣ ካህናቱንና ነቢያቱን ሁሉ ከልጅ እስከ ዐዋቂ አንድም ሰው ሳይቀር ይዟቸው ወደ እግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ መጣ። በእግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ የተገኘውንም የኪዳኑን መጽሐፍ ቃል በጆሯቸው እንዲሰሙት በሙሉ አነበበላቸው። 3ንጉሡም በዐምደ ወርቁ አጠገብ በእግዚአብሔር ፊት ቆሞ እግዚአብሔርን እንደሚከተል ትእዛዞቹን፣ ደንቦቹን፣ ሥርዐቶቹን በፍጹም ልቡ፣ በፍጹምም ነፍሱ እንደሚጠብቅ፣ በዚህም መጽሐፍ የተጻፈውን ኪዳን እንደሚያጸና በእግዚአብሔር ፊት ኪዳኑን አደሰ፤ ከዚያም ሕዝቡ ሁሉ ለኪዳኑ ያላቸውን ታማኝነት አረጋገጡ።
4ንጉሡም ለበኣል፣ ለአሼራና ለሰማይ ከዋክብት ሰራዊት ሁሉ የተሠሩትን የመገልገያ ዕቃዎች በሙሉ፣ ከእግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ እንዲያወጡ ሊቀ ካህናቱን ኬልቅያስን በሁለተኛ ማዕረግ ያሉትን ካህናትና የቤተ መቅደሱን በር ጠባቂዎች አዘዘ። ዕቃዎቹንም ከኢየሩሳሌም ውጭ በቄድሮን ሸለቆ ሜዳ ላይ አቃጠላቸው፤ ዐመዱንም ወደ ቤቴል ወሰደው። 5በይሁዳ ከተሞችና በኢየሩሳሌም ዙሪያ በሚገኙ ኰረብቶች ላይ ዕጣን እንዲያጥኑ የይሁዳ ነገሥታት የሾሟቸውን የጣዖት ካህናት አባረረ እንዲሁም ለበኣል፣ ለፀሓይና ለጨረቃ፣ ለስብስብ ከዋክብትና ለመላው የሰማይ ከዋክብት ሰራዊት የሚያጥኑትን አስወገደ። 6የአሼራንም ምስል ዐምድ ከእግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ አውጥቶ ከኢየሩሳሌም ውጭ ወዳለው ወደ ቄድሮን ሸለቆ ወስዶ አቃጠለው፤ አድቅቆ ፈጭቶም በሕዝቡ መቃብር ላይ በተነው። 7እንዲሁም ስለ አምልኮ ባዕድ ሥርዐት በእግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ ውስጥ የቤተ ጣዖት ወንደቃዎችን ክፍሎችና ሴቶች ለአሼራ መጋረጃ የሚፈትሉባቸውን ክፍሎች አፈረሰ።
8ኢዮስያስ የቤተ ጣዖት ካህናትን ሁሉ ከይሁዳ ከተማ ወደ ኢየሩሳሌም አወጣቸው፤ ከጌባ ጀምሮ እስከ ቤርሳቤህ ድረስ፣ ካህናቱ ዕጣን ያጥኑባቸው የነበሩትን የኰረብታ ማምለኪያ ስፍራዎችን አረከሰ። ከከተማዪቱ በር በስተ ግራ በኩል፣ በከተማዪቱ ገዥ በኢያሱ በር መግቢያ አጠገብ የነበሩትን የበሮቹን ማምለኪያ ስፍራዎች23፥8 ወይም፣ ከፍተኛ ቦታዎች አፈረሰ። 9የየኰረብታው ማምለኪያ ካህናት ኢየሩሳሌም ባለው በእግዚአብሔር መሠዊያ ላይ ባያገለግሉም እንኳ ከካህናት ወንድሞቻቸው ጋር እርሾ ያልነካው ቂጣ ይበሉ ነበር።
10በሄኖም ሸለቆ የነበረውን ቶፌት የተባለውን ማምለኪያ አረከሰ፤ ይኸውም ማንም ሰው ወንድ ወይም ሴት ልጁን ለሞሎክ በእሳት የሚቃጠል መሥዋዕት አድርጎ እንዳያቀርብበት23፥10 ወይም ወንድ ወይም ሴት ልጁን የገደለ ነው። 11የይሁዳ ነገሥታት ወደ እግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ መግቢያ ላይ ለፀሓይ አምልኮ የሰጧቸውን ፈረሶች ከዚያ አስወገደ። እነዚህም ናታን ሜሌክ በተባለ በአንድ ሹም ቤት አጠገብ በአደባባዩ ላይ ነበሩ። ኢዮስያስም ለፀሓይ አምልኮ የተሰጡትን ሠረገሎች አቃጠለ።
12የይሁዳ ነገሥታት በላይኛው የአካዝ እልፍኝ አጠገብ በሰገነቱ ላይ ያቆሟቸውን መሠዊያዎች፣ ምናሴም በሁለቱ የእግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ አደባባዮች ላይ ያሠራቸውን መሠዊያዎች አስወገደ፤ ስብርብራቸውን አወጣ፤ ድቃቂውንም አንሥቶ ወደ ቄድሮን ሸለቆ ጣለው። 13እንዲሁም ከኢየሩሳሌም በስተ ምሥራቅ ከርኩሰት ኰረብታ በስተ ደቡብ የነበሩትን የእስራኤል ንጉሥ ሰሎሞን ለሲዶናውያን የርኩሰት አምላክ ለአስታሮት፣ ለሞዓብ ሕዝቦች የርኩሰት አምላክ ለካሞሽ፣ ለአሞን ሕዝቦች የርኩሰት አምላክ ለሞሎክ ያሠራቸውን የኰረብታ ላይ ማምለኪያዎች ንጉሡ አረከሰ። 14አሁንም ኢዮስያስ ማምለኪያ የድንጋይ ሐውልቶችን ሰባበረ፤ የአሼራን ምስል ዐምዶች ቈራረጠ፤ ስፍራውንም በሙታን ዐጥንት ሞላው።
15እስራኤልን ባሳተው በናባጥ ልጅ በኢዮርብዓም የተሠራውን መሠዊያ፣ በቤቴል የነበረውን ያን የኰረብታ ማምለኪያ ስፍራ፣ መሠዊያው ያለበትን ያን የኰረብታ ማምለኪያ ስፍራ እንኳ እንደዚሁ አፈረሰ፤ ድንጋዮቹን ሰባበረ፤ እንደ ዱቄትም አደቀቃቸው፤ የአሼራንም ምስል ዐምድ አቃጠለ። 16ኢዮስያስ ዘወር ሲል በኰረብታው ላይ የነበሩትን መቃብሮች አየ፤ ዐፅሞቹንም ከየመቃብሩ አስወጣ፤ ያ የእግዚአብሔር ሰው አስቀድሞ እንደ ተናገረው፣ የእግዚአብሔር ቃል ይፈጸም ዘንድ፣ መሠዊያውን ለማርከስ ሲል ዐፅሞቹን በላዩ ላይ አቃጠለበት።
17ንጉሡም፣ “ያ የማየው የመቃብር ሐውልት የማን ነው?” ሲል ጠየቀ የከተማዪቱም ሰዎች፣ “ከይሁዳ መጥቶ አሁን አንተ ያደረግኸውን ነገር ሁሉ በቤቴል መሠዊያ ላይ እንደሚደርስ የተናገረ የዚያ የእግዚአብሔር ሰው መቃብር ነው” አሉት።
18ኢዮስያስም፣ “በሉ እንዳለ ተዉት፤ ዐፅሙን ማንም ሰው ከቦታው እንዳያንቀሳቅሰው” አለ፤ ስለዚህ የእርሱንና ከሰማርያ የመጣውን ነቢይ ዐፅም ሳይነኩ እንዳለ ተውት። 19ኢዮስያስም በቤቴል እንዳደረገው ሁሉ በሰማርያም ከተሞች ኰረብቶች ላይ የእስራኤል ነገሥታት አሠርተዋቸው የነበሩትንና እግዚአብሔርን ያስቈጡበትን ቤተ ጣዖቶች ሁሉ አስወገደ፤ አረከሳቸውም። 20ኢዮስያስ እነዚያን የየኰረብታውን ማምለኪያ ቦታ ካህናትን ሁሉ፣ በየመሠዊያው ላይ ዐረዳቸው፤ በመሠዊያዎቹ ላይ የሰው ዐፅም አቃጠለ፣ ከዚያም ወደ ኢየሩሳሌም ተመለሰ።
21ንጉሡም መላውን ሕዝብ፣ “በዚህ በኪዳኑ መጽሐፍ በተጻፈው መሠረት የአምላካችሁን የእግዚአብሔርን ፋሲካ አክብሩ” ብሎ አዘዘ። 22እስራኤልን ከመሩ ከመሳፍንት ዘመን ጀምሮ፣ በእስራኤልና በይሁዳ ነገሥታት ዘመን ሁሉ፣ እንደዚህ ያለ ፋሲካ መቼም ተከብሮ አያውቅም። 23በኢዮስያስ ዘመነ መንግሥት በዐሥራ ስምንተኛው ዓመት ግን ይህ ፋሲካ በኢየሩሳሌም ለእግዚአብሔር ተከበረ። 24ከዚህም በቀር ኢዮስያስ ሙታን አነጋጋሪዎችንና መናፍስት ጠሪዎችን፣ የየቤተ ሰቡ ሰውን አማልክት፣ ጣዖታትን እንዲሁም በይሁዳና በኢየሩሳሌም የተገኙትን ሌሎች አስጸያፊ ነገሮች ሁሉ አስወገደ፤ ይህን ያደረገውም ካህኑ ኬልቅያስ ከእግዚአብሔር ቤተ መቅደስ ባገኘው መጽሐፍ የተጻፈው የሕጉ ቃል ተፈጻሚነት እንዲኖረው ለማድረግ ነው። 25በሙሴ ሕግ በተጻፈው መሠረት በፍጹም ልቡ፣ በፍጹም ነፍሱ፣ በፍጹም ኀይሉ ወደ እግዚአብሔር የተመለሰ፣ እንደ ኢዮስያስ ያለ ንጉሥ፣ ከእርሱ በፊትም ሆነ ከእርሱ በኋላ ፈጽሞ አልተነሣም። 26ይህም ሆኖ እንኳ ለቍጣ እንዲነሣሣ ምናሴ ካደረጋቸው ነገሮች ሁሉ የተነሣ፣ እግዚአብሔር በይሁዳ ላይ ከነደደው ከአስፈሪው ቍጣው ገና አልበረደም ነበር። 27ስለዚህ እግዚአብሔር፣ “እስራኤልን እንዳስወገድሁ ሁሉ ይሁዳንም ከፊቴ አስወግዳለሁ፤ የመረጥኋትን ከተማ ኢየሩሳሌምንና፣ ‘ስሜ በዚያ ይሆናል’23፥27 1ነገ 8፥29 ይመ። ብዬ የተናገርሁለትን ይህን ቤተ መቅደስ እተዋለሁ” አለ።
28በኢዮስያስ ዘመነ መንግሥት የተከናወነው ሌላው ሥራ፣ የፈጸመውም ሁሉ በይሁዳ ነገሥታት ታሪክ ተጽፎ የሚገኝ አይደለምን?
29ኢዮስያስ ንጉሥ በነበረበት ዘመን የግብፅ ንጉሥ ፈርዖን ኒካዑ የአሦርን ንጉሥ ለመርዳት ወደ ኤፍራጥስ ወንዝ ወጥቶ ነበር፤ ንጉሥ ኢዮስያስም ጦርነት ሊገጥመው ወጣ፤ ሆኖም ፈርዖን ኒካዑ ፊት ለፊት ገጥሞት መጊዶ ላይ ገደለው። 30የኢዮስያስም አገልጋዮች ከመጊዶ ሬሳውን በሠረገላ ወደ ኢየሩሳሌም አምጥተው በገዛ መቃብሩ ቀበሩት። የአገሩም ሰዎች የኢዮስያስን ልጅ ኢዮአክስን ወሰዱት፤ ቀብተውም በአባቱ እግር አነገሡት።
የይሁዳ ንጉሥ ኢዮአክስ
23፥31-34 ተጓ ምብ – 2ዜና 36፥2-4
31ኢዮአክስ ሲነግሥ ዕድሜው ሃያ ሦስት ዓመት ነበር፤ እርሱም በኢየሩሳሌም ተቀምጦ ሦስት ወር ገዛ። እናቱ አሚጣል ትባላለች፤ እርሷም የልብና ሰው የኤርምያስ ልጅ ነበረች። 32አባቶቹ እንዳደረጉ ሁሉ፣ እርሱም በእግዚአብሔር ፊት ክፉ አደረገ። 33በኢየሩሳሌም ተቀምጦ እንዳይገዛም ፈርዖን ኒካዑ በሐማት ምድር ሪብላ በምትባል ቦታ በሰንሰለት አሰረው23፥33 ዕብራይስጡ ከዚህ ጋር ይስማማል፤ የሰብዓ ሊቃናት ትርጕም ግን (2ዜና 36፥3 ይመ)፣ ኒካዑ በሐማት ምድር ሪብላ በምትባል ላይ አስወገደው፤ በይሁዳም ላይ መቶ መክሊት23፥33 3.4 ሜትሪክ ቶን ያህል ነው። ብርና አንድ መክሊት23፥33 34 ኪሎ ግራም ያህል ነው። ወርቅ ግብር ጣለበት። 34ፈርዖን ኒካዑ የኢዮስያስን ልጅ ኤልያቄምን በአባቱ በኢዮስያስ እግር አነገሠው፤ ኤልያቄም የተባለ ስሙንም ኢዮአቄም ብሎ ለወጠው። ነገር ግን ኢዮአክስን በምርኮ ወደ ግብፅ ወሰደው፤ እርሱም በዚያ ሞተ። 35ኢዮአቄምም ፈርዖን ኒካዑ የጠየቀውን ብርና ወርቅ ከፈለ፤ ይህን ለማድረግም የመሬት ግብር ጣለ፤ የአገሩም ሰዎች እንደ ገቢው መጠን ብሩንና ወርቁን እንዲከፍሉ አደረገ።
ኢዮአቄም የይሁዳ ንጉሥ
23፥36–24፥1፡5-6 ተጓ ምብ – 2ዜና 36፥5-8
36ኢዮአቄም ሲነግሥ ዕድሜው ሃያ አምስት ዓመት ነበር፤ በኢየሩሳሌም ተቀምጦም ዐሥራ አንድ ዓመት ገዛ። እናቱ ዘቢዳ ትባላለች፤ እርሷም የሩማ ተወላጅ የፈዳያ ልጅ ነበረች። 37ኢዮአቄም አባቶቹ እንደ አደረጉት ሁሉ፣ እርሱም በእግዚአብሔር ፊት ክፉ ነገር አደረገ።
1And the king sent, and they gathered unto him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem. 2And the king went up into the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, both small and great: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in the house of the LORD.23.2 both…: Heb. from small even unto great
3¶ And the king stood by a pillar, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments and his testimonies and his statutes with all their heart and all their soul, to perform the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people stood to the covenant.
4And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the LORD all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the host of heaven: and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Beth-el. 5And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that burned incense unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the planets, and to all the host of heaven.23.5 put…: Heb. caused to cease23.5 idolatrous…: Heb. Chemarim23.5 planets: or, twelve signs or, constellations 6And he brought out the grove from the house of the LORD, without Jerusalem, unto the brook Kidron, and burned it at the brook Kidron, and stamped it small to powder, and cast the powder thereof upon the graves of the children of the people. 7And he brake down the houses of the sodomites, that were by the house of the LORD, where the women wove hangings for the grove.23.7 hangings: Heb. houses 8And he brought all the priests out of the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from Geba to Beer-sheba, and brake down the high places of the gates that were in the entering in of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on a man’s left hand at the gate of the city. 9Nevertheless the priests of the high places came not up to the altar of the LORD in Jerusalem, but they did eat of the unleavened bread among their brethren. 10And he defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of Hinnom, that no man might make his son or his daughter to pass through the fire to Molech. 11And he took away the horses that the kings of Judah had given to the sun, at the entering in of the house of the LORD, by the chamber of Nathan-melech the chamberlain, which was in the suburbs, and burned the chariots of the sun with fire.23.11 chamberlain: or, eunuch, or, officer 12And the altars that were on the top of the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the house of the LORD, did the king beat down, and brake them down from thence, and cast the dust of them into the brook Kidron.23.12 brake…: or, ran from thence 13And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile.23.13 the mount…: that is, the mount of Olives 14And he brake in pieces the images, and cut down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men.23.14 images: Heb. statues
15¶ Moreover the altar that was at Beth-el, and the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, had made, both that altar and the high place he brake down, and burned the high place, and stamped it small to powder, and burned the grove. 16And as Josiah turned himself, he spied the sepulchres that were there in the mount, and sent, and took the bones out of the sepulchres, and burned them upon the altar, and polluted it, according to the word of the LORD which the man of God proclaimed, who proclaimed these words. 17Then he said, What title is that that I see? And the men of the city told him, It is the sepulchre of the man of God, which came from Judah, and proclaimed these things that thou hast done against the altar of Beth-el. 18And he said, Let him alone; let no man move his bones. So they let his bones alone, with the bones of the prophet that came out of Samaria.23.18 bones alone: Heb. bones to escape 19And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the Lord to anger, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. 20And he slew all the priests of the high places that were there upon the altars, and burned men’s bones upon them, and returned to Jerusalem.23.20 slew: or, sacrificed
21¶ And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto the LORD your God, as it is written in the book of this covenant. 22Surely there was not holden such a passover from the days of the judges that judged Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel, nor of the kings of Judah; 23But in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, wherein this passover was holden to the LORD in Jerusalem.
24¶ Moreover the workers with familiar spirits, and the wizards, and the images, and the idols, and all the abominations that were spied in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, did Josiah put away, that he might perform the words of the law which were written in the book that Hilkiah the priest found in the house of the LORD.23.24 images: or, teraphim
25And like unto him was there no king before him, that turned to the LORD with all his heart, and with all his soul, and with all his might, according to all the law of Moses; neither after him arose there any like him.
26¶ Notwithstanding the LORD turned not from the fierceness of his great wrath, wherewith his anger was kindled against Judah, because of all the provocations that Manasseh had provoked him withal.23.26 provocations: Heb. angers 27And the LORD said, I will remove Judah also out of my sight, as I have removed Israel, and will cast off this city Jerusalem which I have chosen, and the house of which I said, My name shall be there. 28Now the rest of the acts of Josiah, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
29¶ In his days Pharaoh-nechoh king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew him at Megiddo, when he had seen him. 30And his servants carried him in a chariot dead from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own sepulchre. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and anointed him, and made him king in his father’s stead.
31¶ Jehoahaz was twenty and three years old when he began to reign; and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.23.31 Jehoahaz: also called, Shallum 32And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done. 33And Pharaoh-nechoh put him in bands at Riblah in the land of Hamath, that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and put the land to a tribute of an hundred talents of silver, and a talent of gold.23.33 that…: or, because he reigned23.33 put the…: Heb. set a fine upon the land 34And Pharaoh-nechoh made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in the room of Josiah his father, and turned his name to Jehoiakim, and took Jehoahaz away: and he came to Egypt, and died there. 35And Jehoiakim gave the silver and the gold to Pharaoh; but he taxed the land to give the money according to the commandment of Pharaoh: he exacted the silver and the gold of the people of the land, of every one according to his taxation, to give it unto Pharaoh-nechoh.
36¶ Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. 37And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done.
