ሆሴዕ የመጨረሻው የእስራኤል ንጉሥ
1፥3-7 ተጓ ምብ – 2ነገ 1፥9-12
1የይሁዳ ንጉሥ አካዝ በነገሠ በዐሥራ ሁለተኛው ዓመት፣ የኤላ ልጅ ሆሴዕ በሰማርያ ከተማ በእስራኤል ላይ ነገሠ፤ ዘጠኝ ዓመትም ገዛ። 2እርሱም በእግዚአብሔር ፊት ክፉ ነገር አደረገ፤ ክፉ ሥራው ግን ከእርሱ አስቀድሞ የነበሩት የእስራኤል ነገሥታት የፈጸሙትን ያህል አልነበረም። 3የአሦር ንጉሥ ስልምናሶር ሊወጋው መጣ፤ ሆሴዕም ተገዛለት፤ ገበረለትም። 4የአሦር ንጉሥ ግን ሆሴዕ እንደ ከዳው ተገነዘበ፤ ምክንያቱም ወደ ግብፅ ንጉሥ ወደ ሲጎር መልክተኞች ስለላከና በየዓመቱም ያደርግ እንደ ነበረው ለአሦር ንጉሥ ስላልገበረ ነው፤ ከዚህም የተነሣ ስልምናሶር ይዞ ወህኒ ቤት አስገባው። 5የአሦርም ንጉሥ አገሩን በሙሉ ወረረ፤ ወደ ሰማርያም ገሥግሦ ሦስት ዓመት ከበባት። 6በሆሴዕ ዘመነ መንግሥት በዘጠነኛው ዓመት፣ የአሦር ንጉሥ ሰማርያን ያዘ፤ እስራኤላውያንንም በምርኮ ወደ አሦር አፈለሳቸው። እነዚህም በአላሔ፣ ጎዛን ውስጥ በአቦር ወንዝ አጠገብ እንዲሁም በሜዶን ከተሞች እንዲሰፍሩ አደረገ።
እስራኤላውያን በኀጢአታቸው ምክንያት ተማረኩ
7እንግዲህ እስራኤላውያን ይህ ሁሉ ሊደርስባቸው የቻለው፣ ከግብፅ ምድር ከፈርዖን አገዛዝ ከግብፅ ንጉሥ ያወጣቸውን አምላካቸውን እግዚአብሔርን ስለ በደሉት ነው፤ እንዲሁም ሌሎች አማልክትን በማምለክ፣ 8እግዚአብሔር ከፊታቸው አሳድዶ ያወጣቸውን የአሕዛብንና የእስራኤልም ነገሥታት ወደ ምድሪቱ ያገቡትን አስጸያፊ ልማድ ስለ ተከተሉ ነበር።
9እስራኤላውያን በአምላካቸው በእግዚአብሔር ላይ ትክክል ያልሆነ ነገር በስውር አደረጉ፤ ከቃፊር መጠባበቂያ ማማ አንሥቶ እስከ ተመሸገው ከተማ ባሉት መኖሪያዎቻቸው ሁሉ በሚገኙት ኰረብቶች ላይ ማምለኪያ ስፍራዎችን ሠሩ። 10በእያንዳንዱ ኰረብታ ላይና በእያንዳንዱም የተንሰራፋ ዛፍ ሥር ዐምደ ጣዖትና የአሼራን ምስል ዐምዶች አቆሙ። 11እግዚአብሔር ከፊታቸው አሳድዶ ያስወጣቸው አሕዛብ እንዳደረጉትም ሁሉ፣ በየኰረብታው ላይ ዕጣን አጤሱ፤ እግዚአብሔርንም የሚያስቈጣ ክፉ ነገር አደረጉ። 12እግዚአብሔር፣ “ይህን ማድረግ አይገባችሁም”17፥12 ዘፀ 20፥4-5 ቢላቸውም እንኳ እነርሱ ጣዖታትን አመለኩ። 13ይህም ሆኖ እግዚአብሔር፣ “ከክፉ መንገዳችሁ ተመለሱ፤ አባቶቻችሁ እንዲፈጽሙት ባዘዝኋቸው ሕግ ሁሉ መሠረት እንዲሁም በአገልጋዮቼ በነቢያት አማካይነት ለእናንተ ባስተላለፍሁት ሕግ መሠረት፣ ትእዛዜንና ሥርዐቴን ጠብቁ” ብሎ በነቢያቱና በባለ ራእዮች ሁሉ እስራኤልንና ይሁዳን አስጠንቅቆ ነበር።
14ይሁን እንጂ እነዚህም አልሰሙም፤ እግዚአብሔር አምላካቸውን እንዳልታመኑበት እንደ አባቶቻቸው ዐንገታቸውን አደነደኑ። 15ሥርዐቱንና ከአባቶቻቸው ጋር የገባውን ኪዳን፣ ለእነርሱም የሰጣቸውን ማስጠንቀቂያ ናቁ፤ ከንቱ ጣዖታትን ተከትለው ራሳቸውም ከንቱ ሆኑ፤ እግዚአብሔር፣ “እነርሱ የሚያደርጉትን እንዳታደርጉ” ብሎ ቢያዝዛቸው እንኳ በዙሪያቸው ያሉትን አሕዛብ ተከተሉ፤ እግዚአብሔር እንዳያደርጉ የከለከላቸውንም ፈጸሙ እንጂ አልተዉም።
16አምላካቸው እግዚአብሔር ያዘዛቸውን ሁሉ አልፈጸሙም፤ አቅልጠውም ሁለት የጥጃ ምስልና የአሼራን ምስል ዐምድ ሠሩ፤ ለሰማይ ከዋክብት ሰገዱ፤ በኣልን አመለኩ፤ 17እንዲሁም ወንዶችንና ሴቶች ልጆቻቸውን በእሳት የሚቃጠል መሥዋዕት አድርገው አቀረቡ።17፥17 ወይም ልጆቻቸው ገድሎ ጥንቈላና መተት አደረጉ፤ በእግዚአብሔርም ፊት ክፉ ነገር ለማድረግ ራሳቸውን ሸጡ፤ ለቍጣም አነሣሡት። 18ስለዚህ እግዚአብሔር በእነርሱ ላይ እጅግ ተቈጣ፤ የይሁዳ ነገድ ብቻ ሲቀር እስራኤልን ከፊቱ አራቀ። 19ይሁዳም ቢሆን ከእስራኤል የተቀበለውን ልማድ ተከተለ እንጂ የአምላኩን የእግዚአብሔርን ትእዛዝ አልጠበቀም። 20ስለዚህ እግዚአብሔር የእስራኤልን ሕዝብ ሁሉ ተዋቸው፤ አስጨነቃቸው፤ ከፊቱ እስኪያስወግዳቸውም ድረስ በማራኪዎቻቸው እጅ አሳልፎ ሰጣቸው።
21እስራኤልን ከዳዊት ቤት ከለየ በኋላ፣ እነርሱ የናባጥን ልጅ ኢዮርብዓምን አነገሡ፤ ኢዮርብዓምም እስራኤል እግዚአብሔርን እንዳይከተል በማሳት ትልቅ ኀጢአት እንዲሠራ አደረገ። 22እስራኤላውያንም በኢዮርብዓም ኀጢአት ሁሉ ጸኑ፤ ከዚያም አልተመለሱም። 23እግዚአብሔር በባሪያዎቹ በነቢያት ሁሉ አማካይነት ባስጠነቀቃቸው መሠረት፣ ከፊቱ እስኪያስወግዳቸው ድረስ በዚያው ቀጠሉበት፤ ስለዚህ የእስራኤል ሕዝብ ከሀገሩ ተማርኮ ወደ አሦር ተወሰደ፤ አሁንም በዚያው ይገኛል።
አሦራውያን በሰማርያ ሰፈሩ
24የአሦርም ንጉሥ ሕዝቡን ከባቢሎን፣ ከኩታ፣ ከአዋና ከሐማት፣ ከሴፈርዋይም ከተሞች አምጥቶ በእስራኤላውያን ቦታ እንዲገቡ በሰማርያ ከተሞች አሰፈራቸው፤ እነርሱም ሰማርያን ወርሰው በከተሞቿ ይኖሩ ጀመር። 25በዚያ መኖር እንደ ጀመሩም እግዚአብሔርን አላመለኩም፤ ስለዚህ እግዚአብሔር አንበሶች ሰደደባቸው፤ ከእነርሱም ጥቂቶቹን ሰብረው ገደሉ። 26ለአሦርም ንጉሥ፣ “ወደ ሰማርያ ከተሞች ወስደህ ያሰፈርኸው ሕዝብ የዚያ አገር አምላክ የሚፈልገውን አላወቀም፤ ከዚህም የተነሣ እግዚአብሔር ሰብሮ የሚገድል አንበሳ ላከበት” የሚል ወሬ ደረሰው።
27ከዚያም የአሦር ንጉሥ፣ “ከሰማርያ ማርካችሁ ካመጣችኋቸው ካህናት አንዱን፣ በእዚያው እንዲኖር መልሳችሁ ውሰዱትና የአገሩ አምላክ ምን እንደሚፈልግ ሕዝቡን ያስተምር” ሲል አዘዘ። 28ስለዚህ ከሰማርያ ማርከው ከወሰዷቸው ካህናት አንዱ ወደ ቤቴል ተመልሶ እግዚአብሔርን እንዴት ማምለክ እንደሚገባቸው አስተማራቸው። 29ያም ሆኖ ግን እያንዳንዱ ወገን በየሰፈረበት ከተማ የራሱን አምላክ ሠራ፤ ያንንም ቀድሞ የሰማርያ ሕዝብ በኰረብታው ላይ በሠራው ማምለኪያ እየወሰደ አቆመ። 30ከባቢሎን የመጡት ሱኮት-በኖትን፣ ከኩታ የመጡት ኔርጋልን፣ ከሐማት የመጡት አሲማትን ሠሩ፤ 31አዋውያንም ኤልባዝርንና ተርታቅ የተባሉትን አማልክት ሲሠሩ፣ ከሴፈርዋይም የመጡት ደግሞ አድራሜሌክና አናሜሌክ ለተባሉት አማልክታቸው ልጆቻቸውን የሚቃጠል መሥዋዕት አድርገው አቀረቡ። 32እግዚአብሔርን አመለኩ፤ ይሁን እንጂ እያንዳንዱ ወገን የመጣበትን ሕዝብ ልማድ ተከትሎ፣ በየኰረብታው ባሉት ቤተ ጣዖታት የሚያገለግሉትን ካህናት ሾመ። 33በአንድ በኩል እግዚአብሔርን ሲያመልኩ፣ በሌላ በኩል ግን እንደየአገራቸው ልማድ የየራሳቸውን አማልክት ያመልኩ ነበር።
34ይህንም ልማዳቸውን እስከ ዛሬ ድረስ አልተዉትም፤ እግዚአብሔርን በአግባቡ አያመልኩም፤ እንዲሁም እስራኤል ብሎ ለጠራው ለያዕቆብ ዘሮች የሰጣቸውን ሥርዐቶችና ደንቦች፣ ሕጎችና ትእዛዞችን አይከተሉም። 35እግዚአብሔር ከእስራኤላውያን ጋር ኪዳን ሲገባ እንዲህ ሲል አዝዟቸው ነበር፤ “ሌሎችን አማልክት አታምልኳቸው፤ አትስገዱላቸው፤ አታገልግሏቸው፤ አትሠዉላቸውም፤ 36ማምለክ የሚገባችሁ ግን በታላቅ ኀይልና በተዘረጋች ክንድ ከግብፅ ምድር ያወጣችሁን እግዚአብሔርን ብቻ ነው። ለእርሱ ስገዱ፤ ለእርሱም መሥዋዕት አቅርቡ። 37የጻፈላችሁን ሥርዐቶችና ደንቦች፣ ሕጎችና ትእዛዞች ምንጊዜም ተግታችሁ ጠብቁ። ሌሎች አማልክትን አታምልኩ። 38ከእናንተ ጋር የገባሁትን ኪዳን አትርሱ፤ ሌሎች አማልክትም አታምልኩ። 39ይልቅስ አምላካችሁን እግዚአብሔርን አምልኩ፤ ከጠላቶቻችሁ ሁሉ እጅ የሚታደጋችሁ እርሱ ነውና።”
40ነገር ግን በቀደመው ልማዳቸው ጸኑ እንጂ አልተመለሱም። 41እነዚህ ሕዝቦች ምንም እንኳ በአንድ ወገን እግዚአብሔርን ቢያመልኩትም፣ የተቀረጹ ምስሎቻቸውንም ያገለግሉ ነበር። ልጆቻቸውና የልጅ ልጆቻቸውም አባቶቻቸው ያደረጉትን ዛሬም እንደ ቀጠሉበት ነው።
Hoshea Last King of Israel
1In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah, Hoshea son of Elah became king of Israel in Samaria, and he reigned nine years. 2He did evil in the eyes of the Lord, but not like the kings of Israel who preceded him.
3Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up to attack Hoshea, who had been Shalmaneser’s vassal and had paid him tribute. 4But the king of Assyria discovered that Hoshea was a traitor, for he had sent envoys to So17:4 So is probably an abbreviation for Osorkon. king of Egypt, and he no longer paid tribute to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year. Therefore Shalmaneser seized him and put him in prison. 5The king of Assyria invaded the entire land, marched against Samaria and laid siege to it for three years. 6In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and deported the Israelites to Assyria. He settled them in Halah, in Gozan on the Habor River and in the towns of the Medes.
Israel Exiled Because of Sin
7All this took place because the Israelites had sinned against the Lord their God, who had brought them up out of Egypt from under the power of Pharaoh king of Egypt. They worshiped other gods 8and followed the practices of the nations the Lord had driven out before them, as well as the practices that the kings of Israel had introduced. 9The Israelites secretly did things against the Lord their God that were not right. From watchtower to fortified city they built themselves high places in all their towns. 10They set up sacred stones and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every spreading tree. 11At every high place they burned incense, as the nations whom the Lord had driven out before them had done. They did wicked things that aroused the Lord’s anger. 12They worshiped idols, though the Lord had said, “You shall not do this.”17:12 Exodus 20:4,5 13The Lord warned Israel and Judah through all his prophets and seers: “Turn from your evil ways. Observe my commands and decrees, in accordance with the entire Law that I commanded your ancestors to obey and that I delivered to you through my servants the prophets.”
14But they would not listen and were as stiff-necked as their ancestors, who did not trust in the Lord their God. 15They rejected his decrees and the covenant he had made with their ancestors and the statutes he had warned them to keep. They followed worthless idols and themselves became worthless. They imitated the nations around them although the Lord had ordered them, “Do not do as they do.”
16They forsook all the commands of the Lord their God and made for themselves two idols cast in the shape of calves, and an Asherah pole. They bowed down to all the starry hosts, and they worshiped Baal. 17They sacrificed their sons and daughters in the fire. They practiced divination and sought omens and sold themselves to do evil in the eyes of the Lord, arousing his anger.
18So the Lord was very angry with Israel and removed them from his presence. Only the tribe of Judah was left, 19and even Judah did not keep the commands of the Lord their God. They followed the practices Israel had introduced. 20Therefore the Lord rejected all the people of Israel; he afflicted them and gave them into the hands of plunderers, until he thrust them from his presence.
21When he tore Israel away from the house of David, they made Jeroboam son of Nebat their king. Jeroboam enticed Israel away from following the Lord and caused them to commit a great sin. 22The Israelites persisted in all the sins of Jeroboam and did not turn away from them 23until the Lord removed them from his presence, as he had warned through all his servants the prophets. So the people of Israel were taken from their homeland into exile in Assyria, and they are still there.
Samaria Resettled
24The king of Assyria brought people from Babylon, Kuthah, Avva, Hamath and Sepharvaim and settled them in the towns of Samaria to replace the Israelites. They took over Samaria and lived in its towns. 25When they first lived there, they did not worship the Lord; so he sent lions among them and they killed some of the people. 26It was reported to the king of Assyria: “The people you deported and resettled in the towns of Samaria do not know what the god of that country requires. He has sent lions among them, which are killing them off, because the people do not know what he requires.”
27Then the king of Assyria gave this order: “Have one of the priests you took captive from Samaria go back to live there and teach the people what the god of the land requires.” 28So one of the priests who had been exiled from Samaria came to live in Bethel and taught them how to worship the Lord.
29Nevertheless, each national group made its own gods in the several towns where they settled, and set them up in the shrines the people of Samaria had made at the high places. 30The people from Babylon made Sukkoth Benoth, those from Kuthah made Nergal, and those from Hamath made Ashima; 31the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire as sacrifices to Adrammelek and Anammelek, the gods of Sepharvaim. 32They worshiped the Lord, but they also appointed all sorts of their own people to officiate for them as priests in the shrines at the high places. 33They worshiped the Lord, but they also served their own gods in accordance with the customs of the nations from which they had been brought.
34To this day they persist in their former practices. They neither worship the Lord nor adhere to the decrees and regulations, the laws and commands that the Lord gave the descendants of Jacob, whom he named Israel. 35When the Lord made a covenant with the Israelites, he commanded them: “Do not worship any other gods or bow down to them, serve them or sacrifice to them. 36But the Lord, who brought you up out of Egypt with mighty power and outstretched arm, is the one you must worship. To him you shall bow down and to him offer sacrifices. 37You must always be careful to keep the decrees and regulations, the laws and commands he wrote for you. Do not worship other gods. 38Do not forget the covenant I have made with you, and do not worship other gods. 39Rather, worship the Lord your God; it is he who will deliver you from the hand of all your enemies.”
40They would not listen, however, but persisted in their former practices. 41Even while these people were worshiping the Lord, they were serving their idols. To this day their children and grandchildren continue to do as their ancestors did.
