1Følgende regler gælder for skyldofferet, som er et meget helligt offer. 2Offerdyret skal slagtes på samme sted, hvor brændofferdyrene slagtes, og dets blod skal stænkes på siderne af alteret. 3Derefter skal præsten ofre dyrets fedt, også fedthalen og fedtet omkring indvoldene, 4begge nyrer, lændefedtet og fedtklumpen over leveren. 5Præsterne skal brænde nyrerne og fedtet på alteret som et skyldoffer for Herren. 6Kun mænd fra præsteslægten må spise det tiloversblevne kød, for det er indviet til mig, og det skal spises på et indviet sted.
7Samme regel gælder for syndofferet: Den præst, som udfører forsoningsceremonien, har ansvar for, at kun præsterne spiser af kødet. 8For brændofferet gælder det, at offerdyrets hud tilfalder den præst, som udfører offerhandlingen. 9De afgrødeofre, som består af mad, der er tilberedt i ovn, på pande eller på bageplade, tilfalder den præst, der udfører offerhandlingen. 10Alle andre afgrødeofre, både med og uden olivenolie i, skal fordeles ligeligt mellem alle præsterne.
11Følgende regler gælder for de takofre, som bringes til Herren:
12Hvis det drejer sig om et lovprisningsoffer, skal der sammen med offeret bringes rundbrød og fladbrød, blandet med olivenolie og bagt uden surdej. 13Offeret skal bringes til Herren sammen med et brød, bagt med surdej. 14Et brød af hver slags skal bæres frem for Herrens alter med en svingende bevægelse, hvorefter brødene tilfalder den præst, som stænker offerdyrets blod på alteret. 15Efter at offerdyrets bedste og fedeste dele er blevet ofret til Herren som en lovprisning, skal præsterne spise dyrets kød samme dag, for intet må levnes til næste dag.
16Men hvis nogen ønsker at bringe takofre af anden art, hvad enten det drejer sig om indfrielsen af et løfte til Herren eller frivillige ofre, må der gerne levnes noget, som så kan spises næste dag. 17Hvis noget derimod levnes til tredjedagen, skal det brændes, 18for hvis noget spises på tredjedagen, vil Herren ikke anerkende det som et gyldigt offer, og offeret gavner ikke den, som bragte det. Ligeledes regnes den præst, som spiser dette offer, for skyldig, for det er afskyeligt for Herren, og præsten kommer til at stå til regnskab for sin synd.
19Hvis kødet kommer i berøring med noget urent, må det ikke spises, men det skal brændes. Samtidig gælder det, at offerkød kun må spises af personer, der er rituelt rene. 20Den præst, som er uren, men som alligevel spiser af takofferet, skal dø. 21Den, som rører ved et urent dyr eller noget urent fra et menneske, og derefter spiser af takofferet, skal dø.”
22Derefter sagde Herren til Moses: 23„Sig til Israels folk, at de aldrig må spise fedt, hverken fra kvæg eller får eller geder. 24Fedtet fra et dyr, som dør af sygdom, eller som dræbes af vilde dyr, må heller ikke spises, men det må gerne bruges til andre formål. 25Enhver, der spiser fedt fra et offerdyr, skal dø.
26Spis aldrig blod, hverken fra fugle eller andre dyr. 27Enhver, som gør det, skal dø.”
28Herren fortsatte: 29„Sig til Israels folk, at de, der bringer Herren et takoffer, selv skal frembære deres offer. 30De skal personligt ofre dyrets fedt og bryststykke som en gave til Herren. Bryststykket skal svinges frem og tilbage foran alteret. 31Så skal præsten brænde fedtet på alteret, men bryststykket skal tilfalde præsterne, 32-33og det højre lår skal tilfalde den præst, som udfører offerhandlingen. 34Bryststykket og det højre lår skal være en gave fra Israels folk og skal altid tilfalde præsterne, for det er deres andel.” 35-36Den dag Aron og hans sønner blev salvet, befalede Herren, at Israels folk skulle give dem disse stykker af offerdyrene. Det er deres ret fra slægt til slægt.
37Dette er Herrens instrukser om brændofferet, afgrødeofferet, syndofferet, skyldofferet, indvielsesofferet og takofferet. 38Disse forskrifter gav Herren til Moses på Sinaibjerget, dengang Israels folk begyndte at bringe ofre til Herren ude i ørkenen.
More Rules for Guilt Offerings
1“ ‘Here are some more rules for guilt offerings. The guilt offering is very holy. 2You must kill the animal for the guilt offering where you kill the animal for the burnt offering. Splash its blood against the sides of the altar. 3Offer all its fat. It must include the fat tail and the fat that covers the inside parts. 4It must include both kidneys with the fat on them next to the lower back muscles. It must also include the long part of the liver. Remove all of it together with the kidneys. 5The priest must burn all of it on the altar. It is a food offering presented to the Lord. It is a guilt offering. 6Any male in a priest’s family can eat it. But he must eat it in the holy area. It is very holy.
7“ ‘The same law applies to the sin offering and the guilt offering. Both of them belong to the priest who offers them to pay for sin. 8The priest who offers a burnt offering for anyone can keep its hide for himself. 9Every grain offering baked in an oven belongs to the priest who offers it. So does every grain offering cooked in a pan or on a metal plate. 10Every grain offering belongs equally to all the priests in Aaron’s family line. That is true whether it is mixed with olive oil or it is dry.
More Rules for Friendship Offerings
11“ ‘Here are some more rules for friendship offerings anyone may bring to the Lord.
12“ ‘Suppose they offer a friendship offering to show they are thankful. Then together with the thank offering they must offer thick loaves of bread. They must make them without yeast. They must mix them with olive oil. Or they must offer thin loaves of bread made without yeast. They must spread olive oil on them. Or they must offer thick loaves of bread made out of the finest flour. They must add olive oil to it. They must work the flour and prepare it well. 13They must bring another friendship offering along with their thank offering. It should be thick loaves of bread made with yeast. 14They must bring one of each kind of bread as an offering. One kind is made with yeast. The other is not. Both of them are a gift to the Lord. They belong to the priest who splashes the blood of the friendship offering against the altar. 15The person must eat the meat from their thank offering on the day they offer it. They must not leave any of it until morning.
16“ ‘But suppose they bring a friendship offering to keep a promise they have made. Or suppose they bring an offering they choose to give. Then they must eat the sacrifice on the day they offer it. But if anything is left over, they may eat it the next day. 17They must burn up any meat from the sacrifice left over until the third day. 18Suppose they eat any meat from the friendship offering on the third day. Then the Lord will not accept the offering. He will not accept it as a gift from them. It is not pure. If they eat any of it, they will be held responsible for it.
19“ ‘They must not eat meat that touches anything “unclean.” They must burn it up. Anyone “clean” may eat any other meat. 20But suppose an “unclean” person eats any meat from the friendship offering that belongs to the Lord. Then they will be separated from their people. 21Suppose someone touches something “unclean.” It does not matter whether it comes from a human being who is not “clean.” It does not matter whether it comes from an “unclean” animal. It does not matter whether it comes from something hated and “unclean.” And suppose they eat any of the meat from the friendship offering that belongs to the Lord. Then they will be separated from their people.’ ”
Israel Must Not Eat Fat or Blood
22The Lord spoke to Moses. He said, 23“Speak to the Israelites. Tell them, ‘Do not eat any of the fat of cattle, sheep or goats. 24Do not eat the fat of any animal found dead. Do not eat the fat of an animal that wild animals have torn apart. But you can use the fat for any other purpose. 25Suppose an animal has been sacrificed as a food offering to the Lord. No one may eat its fat. If they do, they will be separated from their people. 26No matter where you live, do not eat the blood of any bird or animal. 27Anyone who eats blood must be separated from their people.’ ”
The Share That Belongs to the Priests
28The Lord spoke to Moses. He said, 29“Speak to the Israelites. Tell them, ‘Suppose someone brings a friendship offering to the Lord. Then they must bring part of it as their special gift to the Lord. 30They must bring it with their own hands. It is a food offering presented to the Lord. They must bring the fat together with the breast. They must lift the breast up and wave it in front of the Lord as a wave offering. 31The priest will burn the fat on the altar. But the breast belongs to Aaron and the priests in his family line. 32Give the right thigh from your friendship offerings to the priest as a gift. 33The priest who offers the blood and fat from the friendship offering must be given the right thigh. It is his share. 34I, the Lord, have taken the breast that is waved and the thigh that is given. I have taken them from the friendship offerings of the Israelites. And I have given them to Aaron the priest and the priests in his family line. The offerings will be their share from the Israelites for all time to come.’ ”
35That is the part of the food offerings presented to the Lord. It is given to Aaron and the priests in his family line. It was given to Aaron and his sons on the day they were set apart to serve the Lord as priests. 36On the day they were anointed, the Lord commanded the Israelites to give that part to them. For all time to come, it will be the share of Aaron and the priests in his family line.
37These are the rules for burnt offerings, grain offerings, sin offerings, guilt offerings and friendship offerings. They are also the rules for the offerings that are given when priests are being prepared to serve the Lord. 38They are the rules the Lord gave Moses on Mount Sinai. He gave them on the day he commanded the Israelites to bring their offerings to the Lord. That took place in the Sinai Desert.
