The Lord Commands Israel to Leave Mount Horeb
1These are the words Moses spoke to all the Israelites. At that time, they were in the desert east of the Jordan River. It’s in the Arabah Valley across from Suph. The people were between Paran and Tophel, Laban, Hazeroth and Dizahab. 2It takes 11 days to go from Mount Horeb to Kadesh Barnea if you travel on the Mount Seir road.
3It was the 40th year since the Israelites had left Egypt. On the first day of the 11th month, Moses spoke to them. He told them everything the Lord had commanded him to tell them. 4They had already won the battle over Sihon. Sihon was the king of the Amorites. He had ruled in Heshbon. Israel had also won the battle over Og at Edrei. Og was the king of Bashan. He had ruled in Ashtaroth.
5The people were east of the Jordan River in the territory of Moab. There Moses began to explain the law. Here is what he said.
6The Lord our God spoke to us at Mount Horeb. He said, “You have stayed long enough at this mountain. 7Take your tents down. Go into the hill country of the Amorites. Go to all the people who are their neighbors. Go to the people who live in the Arabah Valley. Travel to the mountains and the western hills. Go to the people in the Negev Desert and along the coast. Travel to the land of Canaan and to Lebanon. Go as far as the great Euphrates River. 8I have given you all this land. Go in and take it as your own. The Lord promised he would give the land to your fathers. He promised it to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. He also said he would give it to their children after them.”
Some Officials Are Chosen to Help Moses
9At that time I spoke to you. I said, “You are too heavy a load for me to carry alone. 10The Lord your God has caused there to be many of you. Today you are as many as the stars in the sky. 11The Lord is the God of your people. May he cause there to be a thousand times more of you. May he bless you, just as he promised he would. 12But I can’t handle your problems and troubles all by myself. I can’t settle your arguments. 13So choose some wise men from each of your tribes. They must understand how to give good advice. The people must have respect for them. I will appoint those men to have authority over you.”
14You answered me, “Your suggestion is good.”
15So I chose the leading men of your tribes who were wise and respected. I appointed them to have authority over you. I made them commanders of thousands, hundreds, fifties and tens. I appointed them to be officials over the tribes. 16Here is what I commanded your judges at that time. I said, “Listen to your people’s cases when they argue with one another. Judge them fairly. It doesn’t matter whether the case is between two Israelites or between an Israelite and an outsider living among you. 17When you judge them, treat everyone the same. Listen to those who are important and those who are not. Don’t be afraid of anyone. God is the highest judge. Bring me any case that is too hard for you. I’ll listen to it.” 18At that time I told you everything you should do.
Twelve Men Check Out the Land of Canaan
19The Lord our God commanded us to start out from Mount Horeb. So we did. We went toward the hill country of the Amorites. We traveled all through the huge and terrible desert you saw. Finally, we reached Kadesh Barnea. 20Then I said to you, “You have reached the hill country of the Amorites. The Lord our God is giving it to us. 21The Lord your God has given you the land. Go up and take it. Do what the Lord says. He’s the God of your people. Don’t be afraid. Don’t lose hope.”
22Then all of you came to me. You said, “Let’s send some men ahead of us. They can check out the land for us and bring back a report. They can suggest to us which way to go. They can tell us about the towns we’ll come to.”
23That seemed like a good idea to me. So I chose 12 of you. I picked one man from each tribe. 24They left and went up into the hill country. There they came to the Valley of Eshkol. They checked it out. 25They got some of the fruit of that land. Then they brought it down to us and gave us their report. They said, “The Lord our God is giving us a good land.”
Israel Refuses to Obey the Lord
26But you wouldn’t go up. You refused to obey the command of the Lord your God. 27You spoke against him in your tents. You said, “The Lord hates us. That’s why he brought us out of Egypt to hand us over to the Amorites. He wanted to destroy us. 28Where can we go? The men who checked out the land have made us afraid. They say, ‘The people are stronger and taller than we are. The cities are large. They have walls that reach up to the sky. We even saw the Anakites there.’ ”
29Then I said to you, “Don’t be terrified. Don’t be afraid of them. 30The Lord your God will go ahead of you. He will fight for you. With your own eyes you saw how he fought for you in Egypt. 31You also saw how the Lord your God brought you through the desert. He carried you everywhere you went, just as a father carries his son. And now you have arrived here.”
32In spite of that, you didn’t trust in the Lord your God. 33He went ahead of you on your journey. He was in the fire at night and in the cloud during the day. He found places for you to camp. He showed you the way you should go.
34The Lord heard what you said. So he became angry. He made a promise. He said, 35“I promised to give this good land to your people of long ago. But no one alive today will see it. 36Only Caleb will see the land. He is the son of Jephunneh. I will give him and his children after him the land he walked on. He followed me with his whole heart.”
37Because of you, the Lord became angry with me also. He said, “You will not enter the land either. 38But Joshua, the son of Nun, is your helper. Joshua will enter the land. Help him to be brave. Give him hope. He will lead Israel to take the land as their own. 39You said your little ones would be taken prisoner. But they will enter the land. They do not yet know right from wrong. But I will give them the land. They will take it as their own. 40As for you, turn around. Start out toward the desert. Go along the road that leads to the Red Sea.”
41Then you replied, “We have sinned against the Lord. We will go up and fight. We’ll do just as the Lord our God has commanded us.” So all of you got your swords and put them on. You thought it would be easy to go up into the hill country.
42But the Lord spoke to me. He said, “Tell them, ‘Do not go up and fight. I will not be with you. Your enemies will win the battle over you.’ ”
43So I told you what the Lord said. But you wouldn’t listen. You refused to obey his command. You were so filled with pride that you marched up into the hill country. 44The Amorites who lived in those hills came out and attacked you. Like large numbers of bees they chased you. They beat you down from Seir all the way to Hormah. 45You came back and wept in front of the Lord. But he didn’t pay any attention to your weeping. He wouldn’t listen to you. 46So you stayed in Kadesh for many years. You spent a long time in that area.
前言
1以下是摩西對以色列人說的話。當時以色列人在約旦河東的曠野、疏弗對面的亞拉巴，即巴蘭、陀弗、拉班、哈洗錄和底撒哈之間。 2從何烈山取道西珥山到加低斯·巴尼亞，需十一天。 3在離開埃及後第四十年的十一月一日，摩西把耶和華的一切吩咐告訴了以色列人。 4那時，他已經打敗了希實本的亞摩利王西宏，以及盤踞在以得來和亞斯她錄的巴珊王噩。 5摩西在約旦河東的摩押講解律法，說： 6「我們的上帝耶和華在何烈山對我們說，『你們在這山上已經住了足夠時日， 7現在該啟程前往亞摩利人的山區、亞拉巴地區、山地、丘陵、南地、沿海一帶、迦南人之地和黎巴嫩，直到幼發拉底大河。 8看啊，我把那片土地賜給你們了，你們去佔領吧，那是耶和華起誓要賜給你們祖先亞伯拉罕、以撒、雅各和他們後裔的地方。』
摩西設立首領
9「那時，我對你們說，『我無法獨自承擔管理你們的重任， 10因為你們的上帝耶和華使你們人丁興旺，以致今天人數多如天上的星星。 11願你們祖先的上帝耶和華使你們人數更增千倍，照祂的應許賜福給你們。 12但我怎能獨自擔當解決你們問題和爭端的重任呢？ 13你們要從各支派中選出有智慧、有見識、受尊重的人，我要立他們做你們的首領。』 14你們都同意這樣的做法。 15於是，我把各支派中有智慧和受敬重的人立為你們的首領，即千夫長、百夫長、五十夫長、十夫長和其他官長，治理你們。 16我吩咐這些官員要聆聽案件，公正地審理同胞之間，或與外族人之間的訴訟， 17不可偏私，不分貴賤，不懼情面，因為判決來自上帝。如果案件太難，可以交給我處理。 18那時，我把一切當行之事都告訴了你們。
派人打探迦南
19「我們照我們上帝耶和華的吩咐，從何烈山出發，走過你們所見的那大而可怕的曠野，前往亞摩利山區，來到加低斯·巴尼亞。 20我對你們說，『我們的上帝耶和華賜給我們的亞摩利山區到了。 21看啊，你們祖先的上帝耶和華已把那片土地賜給你們，你們要照著祂的應許去佔領那裡，不要驚慌害怕。』 22你們都來對我說，『我們要先派人去打探那地方，回來好告訴我們當走哪條路，當佔哪些城。』 23我同意你們的建議，便從你們當中選出十二人，每支派選一人。 24他們前往山區，到了以實各谷，打探那地方。 25他們帶回來一些那裡的果子，稟告說，『我們的上帝耶和華賜給我們的地方很好。』
26「但你們卻違背你們上帝耶和華的命令，不肯上去。 27你們在帳篷中埋怨說，『耶和華憎恨我們，所以才領我們離開埃及，要把我們交在亞摩利人手裡，讓他們消滅我們。 28我們能上哪里去呢？我們弟兄的報告讓我們膽戰心驚，他們說那裡的人比我們高大，城邑雄偉，城牆高達雲霄，還有亞衲人在那裡。』 29我對你們說，『不要驚慌，不要怕他們。 30你們的上帝耶和華必帶領你們，為你們爭戰，正如祂當著你們的面在埃及所行的一樣。 31你們在曠野曾目睹你們的上帝耶和華像父親抱兒子一樣，一路把你們抱到這地方。』 32-33祂為你們開路，為你們找安營的地方，夜間用火柱、白天用雲柱為你們引路。儘管如此，你們還是不信靠你們的上帝耶和華。
懲罰叛逆
34「你們的埋怨惹耶和華發怒，祂起誓說， 35『這邪惡的一代沒有一人能看見我起誓要賜給他們祖先的佳美之地， 36只有耶孚尼的兒子迦勒能看見，我必把他所踏之地賜給他和他的子孫，因為他一心追隨我。』 37因為你們的緣故，耶和華也向我發怒，說，『你也不能進入那片土地， 38但你的助手、嫩的兒子約書亞可以進入。你要鼓勵他，因為他將帶領以色列承受那片土地。 39你們說你們的子女會被擄去，但這些還不知善惡的孩子都將進入那片土地，我要把那裡賜給他們，他們將佔領那裡。 40而你們要掉頭，沿紅海的路回到曠野。』
41「於是，你們對我說，『我們得罪了耶和華，現在我們願意遵從我們的上帝耶和華的吩咐，上去作戰。』你們便各自拿起兵器，以為可以輕易攻佔山區。 42但耶和華讓我告訴你們，『不要上去作戰，以免被敵人打敗，因為我不與你們同在。』 43我把耶和華的話轉告了你們，但你們不聽，竟違背耶和華的命令，擅自前往山區。 44住在山區的亞摩利人蜂擁出擊，打敗了你們，從西珥追殺你們，一直追到何珥瑪。 45你們回來在耶和華面前哭泣，但耶和華不理會你們的哭聲。 46因此，你們在加低斯住了很久。
