The golden calf
1When the people saw that Moses was so long in coming down from the mountain, they gathered round Aaron and said, ‘Come, make us gods32:1 Or a god; also in verses 23 and 31 who will go before us. As for this fellow Moses who brought us up out of Egypt, we don’t know what has happened to him.’
2Aaron answered them, ‘Take off the gold earrings that your wives, your sons and your daughters are wearing, and bring them to me.’ 3So all the people took off their earrings and brought them to Aaron. 4He took what they handed him and made it into an idol cast in the shape of a calf, fashioning it with a tool. Then they said, ‘These are your gods,32:4 Or This is your god; also in verse 8 Israel, who brought you up out of Egypt.’
5When Aaron saw this, he built an altar in front of the calf and announced, ‘Tomorrow there will be a festival to the Lord.’ 6So the next day the people rose early and sacrificed burnt offerings and presented fellowship offerings. Afterwards they sat down to eat and drink and got up to indulge in revelry.
7Then the Lord said to Moses, ‘Go down, because your people, whom you brought up out of Egypt, have become corrupt. 8They have been quick to turn away from what I commanded them and have made themselves an idol cast in the shape of a calf. They have bowed down to it and sacrificed to it and have said, “These are your gods, Israel, who brought you up out of Egypt.”
9‘I have seen these people,’ the Lord said to Moses, ‘and they are a stiff-necked people. 10Now leave me alone so that my anger may burn against them and that I may destroy them. Then I will make you into a great nation.’
11But Moses sought the favour of the Lord his God. ‘Lord,’ he said, ‘why should your anger burn against your people, whom you brought out of Egypt with great power and a mighty hand? 12Why should the Egyptians say, “It was with evil intent that he brought them out, to kill them in the mountains and to wipe them off the face of the earth”? Turn from your fierce anger; relent and do not bring disaster on your people. 13Remember your servants Abraham, Isaac and Israel, to whom you swore by your own self: “I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and I will give your descendants all this land I promised them, and it will be their inheritance for ever.” ’ 14Then the Lord relented and did not bring on his people the disaster he had threatened.
15Moses turned and went down the mountain with the two tablets of the covenant law in his hands. They were inscribed on both sides, front and back. 16The tablets were the work of God; the writing was the writing of God, engraved on the tablets.
17When Joshua heard the noise of the people shouting, he said to Moses, ‘There is the sound of war in the camp.’
18Moses replied:
‘It is not the sound of victory,
it is not the sound of defeat;
it is the sound of singing that I hear.’
19When Moses approached the camp and saw the calf and the dancing, his anger burned and he threw the tablets out of his hands, breaking them to pieces at the foot of the mountain. 20And he took the calf the people had made and burned it in the fire; then he ground it to powder, scattered it on the water and made the Israelites drink it.
21He said to Aaron, ‘What did these people do to you, that you led them into such great sin?’
22‘Do not be angry, my lord,’ Aaron answered. ‘You know how prone these people are to evil. 23They said to me, “Make us gods who will go before us. As for this fellow Moses who brought us up out of Egypt, we don’t know what has happened to him.” 24So I told them, “Whoever has any gold jewellery, take it off.” Then they gave me the gold, and I threw it into the fire, and out came this calf!’
25Moses saw that the people were running wild and that Aaron had let them get out of control and so become a laughing-stock to their enemies. 26So he stood at the entrance to the camp and said, ‘Whoever is for the Lord, come to me.’ And all the Levites rallied to him.
27Then he said to them, ‘This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: “Each man strap a sword to his side. Go to and fro through the camp from one end to the other, each killing his brother and friend and neighbour.” ’ 28The Levites did as Moses commanded, and that day about three thousand of the people died. 29Then Moses said, ‘You have been set apart to the Lord today, for you were against your own sons and brothers, and he has blessed you this day.’
30The next day Moses said to the people, ‘You have committed a great sin. But now I will go up to the Lord; perhaps I can make atonement for your sin.’
31So Moses went back to the Lord and said, ‘Oh, what a great sin these people have committed! They have made themselves gods of gold. 32But now, please forgive their sin – but if not, then blot me out of the book you have written.’
33The Lord replied to Moses, ‘Whoever has sinned against me I will blot out of my book. 34Now go, lead the people to the place I spoke of, and my angel will go before you. However, when the time comes for me to punish, I will punish them for their sin.’
35And the Lord struck the people with a plague because of what they did with the calf Aaron had made.
Guldkalven
1Moses havde nu opholdt sig på bjerget i mange dage, og israelitterne mistede til sidst håbet om, at han nogensinde ville komme tilbage. Derfor gik de hen til Aron og sagde: „Lav os en gud, som kan føre os videre, for vi ved ikke, hvad der er blevet af den her Moses, som førte os ud af Egypten.”
2-3„Jo, men så skal I bringe mig de guldøreringe, som jeres koner, sønner og døtre går med,” svarede Aron.
Så tog de alle deres øreringe af og bragte dem til Aron. 4Aron smeltede guldet og støbte en afgud, som lignede en tyrekalv. Da folket så den, udbrød de: „Se her, alle sammen! Det er den gud, som førte os ud af Egypten!”
5Da Aron så folkets begejstring, byggede han et alter foran tyrekalven og meddelte: „I morgen holder vi højtid for Herren!”
6Tidligt næste morgen bragte de så brændofre og takofre på alteret foran guldkalven. De satte sig ned for at spise og drikke, og så stod de op for at danse foran afguden og more sig.
7Da sagde Herren til Moses: „Skynd dig ned fra bjerget! Det folk, du førte ud af Egypten, har begået en stor synd. 8De har allerede vendt sig bort fra mine befalinger og lavet sig en afgud i form af en tyrekalv. De har tilbedt den og ofret til den. De har oven i købet sagt: Det er den gud, som førte os ud af Egypten!”
9Herren fortsatte: „Jeg kan se, at Israels folk er egenrådigt og ulydigt. 10Nu kan det være nok! Jeg vil give min vrede frit løb. Jeg vil udrydde dem alle sammen. Og så vil jeg begynde forfra med dig, Moses, og gøre dig til et stort folk.”
11Men Moses gik i forbøn for dem: „Åh, Herre, du må ikke være så vred på dit eget folk, som du selv førte ud af Egypten med vældig magt og mægtige undere. 12Skal egypterne kunne sige, at Gud lokkede sit folk ud i bjergene bare for at udrydde dem? Lad dog din brændende vrede kølne af, så du ikke gør alvor af at udrydde dit folk. 13Glem ikke dit løfte til Abraham, Isak og Jakob. Du svor jo ved dig selv, at du ville gøre deres efterkommere talrige som himlens stjerner og give dem det land i arv og eje, som du har lovet skal være deres for evigt.” 14Da gjorde Herren ikke alvor af sin trussel, men skånede folket for den ulykke, han havde truet med.
15Så vendte Moses sig og gik ned ad bjerget med de to stentavler, hvor pagtens bud var indskrevet på begge sider. 16Tavlerne var Guds værk, og skriften var Guds egen skrift.
17Da Moses og Josva var kommet et godt stykke ned af bjerget, kunne de høre råben og skrigen nede fra lejren. Forundret udbrød Josva: „Det lyder, som om der er krig i lejren!” 18Men Moses svarede: „Nej, det er hverken sejrsråb eller klageskrig over et nederlag. De synger lystige viser!”
19Da de var kommet endnu tættere på, og Moses så, hvordan folk dansede om tyrekalven, blev han så overvældet af vrede, at han slyngede stentavlerne mod jorden, så de knustes ved foden af bjerget. 20Så tog han den tyrekalv, de havde lavet, og smeltede den i ilden. Da metallet var afkølet, knuste han det til støv og smed det ud i bækken, som folket fik deres drikkevand fra.
21Så vendte han sig mod Aron og sagde: „Hvad har folket gjort dig, siden du har ført dem ud i så stor en synd?” 22„Bliv ikke vred, Moses!” svarede Aron. „Du ved selv, hvordan folket griber enhver anledning til at gøre oprør. 23De sagde til mig: ‚Moses førte os ud af Egypten, men nu er han åbenbart forsvundet. Kom og lav en gud til os, som kan føre os videre frem på vejen!’ 24‚Godt,’ svarede jeg, ‚så bring mig jeres guldsmykker!’ Det gjorde de, og jeg kastede smykkerne ind i ilden, og så kom der en guldkalv ud af det!”
25Da Moses så, at Aron fuldstændig have mistet kontrollen over folket, og at de opførte sig tåbeligt i deres oprørskhed, 26stillede han sig ved indgangen til lejren og råbte: „Alle dem af jer, som er på Herrens side, kom her over til mig!” Og alle levitterne kom over til ham.
27Da sagde han til dem: „Herren, Israels Gud, siger: Tag jeres sværd og gå igennem lejren og dræb jeres landsmænd, som har gjort oprør.” 28Det gjorde de, og den dag døde der omkring 3000 mand. 29Moses sagde derefter til levitterne: „I dag har I indviet jer til tjeneste for Herren, fordi I adlød ham, også selv om det betød, at I måtte slå nogle af jeres egne brødre og sønner ihjel. Derfor skal I opleve stor velsignelse.”
30Næste dag sagde Moses til folket: „I har begået en frygtelig synd, men jeg vil gå tilbage til Herren på bjerget. Måske jeg kan opnå tilgivelse for jeres synd.”
31Så gik Moses tilbage til Herren og sagde: „Ak, Herre! Israels folk har begået en stor synd ved at lave sig en afgud af guld. 32Men vil du ikke nok alligevel tilgive dem deres store synd? Hvis ikke du vil, så slet mit navn fra den bog, du fører!32,32 Der er sikkert tale om „de levendes bog”, altså en liste over alle, som er i live eller har ret til at leve.”
33„Den, som har syndet imod mig, vil jeg slette af min bog,” svarede Herren. 34„Men gå du nu tilbage til folket og før dem til det sted, jeg har befalet. Min engel skal gå foran dig. Men når tiden er inde, vil jeg straffe folket for dets synd.”
35Og Herren sendte en plage over folket, fordi det havde fået Aron til at lave en tyrekalv.
