The Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread
1The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in Egypt, 2“This month is to be for you the first month, the first month of your year. 3Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb12:3 The Hebrew word can mean lamb or kid; also in verse 4. for his family, one for each household. 4If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor, having taken into account the number of people there are. You are to determine the amount of lamb needed in accordance with what each person will eat. 5The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect, and you may take them from the sheep or the goats. 6Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the members of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight. 7Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs. 8That same night they are to eat the meat roasted over the fire, along with bitter herbs, and bread made without yeast. 9Do not eat the meat raw or boiled in water, but roast it over a fire—with the head, legs and internal organs. 10Do not leave any of it till morning; if some is left till morning, you must burn it. 11This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste; it is the Lord’s Passover.
12“On that same night I will pass through Egypt and strike down every firstborn of both people and animals, and I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. 13The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, and when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No destructive plague will touch you when I strike Egypt.
14“This is a day you are to commemorate; for the generations to come you shall celebrate it as a festival to the Lord—a lasting ordinance. 15For seven days you are to eat bread made without yeast. On the first day remove the yeast from your houses, for whoever eats anything with yeast in it from the first day through the seventh must be cut off from Israel. 16On the first day hold a sacred assembly, and another one on the seventh day. Do no work at all on these days, except to prepare food for everyone to eat; that is all you may do.
17“Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread, because it was on this very day that I brought your divisions out of Egypt. Celebrate this day as a lasting ordinance for the generations to come. 18In the first month you are to eat bread made without yeast, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19For seven days no yeast is to be found in your houses. And anyone, whether foreigner or native-born, who eats anything with yeast in it must be cut off from the community of Israel. 20Eat nothing made with yeast. Wherever you live, you must eat unleavened bread.”
21Then Moses summoned all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go at once and select the animals for your families and slaughter the Passover lamb. 22Take a bunch of hyssop, dip it into the blood in the basin and put some of the blood on the top and on both sides of the doorframe. None of you shall go out of the door of your house until morning. 23When the Lord goes through the land to strike down the Egyptians, he will see the blood on the top and sides of the doorframe and will pass over that doorway, and he will not permit the destroyer to enter your houses and strike you down.
24“Obey these instructions as a lasting ordinance for you and your descendants. 25When you enter the land that the Lord will give you as he promised, observe this ceremony. 26And when your children ask you, ‘What does this ceremony mean to you?’ 27then tell them, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt and spared our homes when he struck down the Egyptians.’ ” Then the people bowed down and worshiped. 28The Israelites did just what the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron.
29At midnight the Lord struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on the throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner, who was in the dungeon, and the firstborn of all the livestock as well. 30Pharaoh and all his officials and all the Egyptians got up during the night, and there was loud wailing in Egypt, for there was not a house without someone dead.
The Exodus
31During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, “Up! Leave my people, you and the Israelites! Go, worship the Lord as you have requested. 32Take your flocks and herds, as you have said, and go. And also bless me.”
33The Egyptians urged the people to hurry and leave the country. “For otherwise,” they said, “we will all die!” 34So the people took their dough before the yeast was added, and carried it on their shoulders in kneading troughs wrapped in clothing. 35The Israelites did as Moses instructed and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold and for clothing. 36The Lord had made the Egyptians favorably disposed toward the people, and they gave them what they asked for; so they plundered the Egyptians.
37The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Sukkoth. There were about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children. 38Many other people went up with them, and also large droves of livestock, both flocks and herds. 39With the dough the Israelites had brought from Egypt, they baked loaves of unleavened bread. The dough was without yeast because they had been driven out of Egypt and did not have time to prepare food for themselves.
40Now the length of time the Israelite people lived in Egypt12:40 Masoretic Text; Samaritan Pentateuch and Septuagint Egypt and Canaan was 430 years. 41At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the Lord’s divisions left Egypt. 42Because the Lord kept vigil that night to bring them out of Egypt, on this night all the Israelites are to keep vigil to honor the Lord for the generations to come.
Passover Restrictions
43The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the regulations for the Passover meal:
“No foreigner may eat it. 44Any slave you have bought may eat it after you have circumcised him, 45but a temporary resident or a hired worker may not eat it.
46“It must be eaten inside the house; take none of the meat outside the house. Do not break any of the bones. 47The whole community of Israel must celebrate it.
48“A foreigner residing among you who wants to celebrate the Lord’s Passover must have all the males in his household circumcised; then he may take part like one born in the land. No uncircumcised male may eat it. 49The same law applies both to the native-born and to the foreigner residing among you.”
50All the Israelites did just what the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51And on that very day the Lord brought the Israelites out of Egypt by their divisions.
Pasaka
1Bwana akamwambia Mose na Aroni katika nchi ya Misri, 212:2 Kut 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; 40:2; Kum 16:1; Kut 12:18“Mwezi huu utakuwa mwanzo wa miezi kwenu, yaani mwezi wa kwanza wa mwaka wenu. 312:3 Mk 14:12; 1Kor 5:7Iambie jumuiya yote ya Israeli kwamba katika siku ya kumi ya mwezi huu, kila mtu atatwaa mwana-kondoo mmoja kwa ajili ya familia yake, mmoja kwa kila nyumba. 4Ikiwa nyumba yoyote ina watu wachache wasioweza kumaliza huyo mwana-kondoo mzima, nyumba hiyo itabidi ishirikiane na nyumba ya jirani wa karibu, baada ya kuzingatia idadi ya watu waliomo. Mtaangalia ni kiasi gani cha nyama kitahitajika kulingana na mahitaji ya kila mtu. 512:5 Kut 29:1; Law 1:3; 3:1; 4:3; 22:18-21; 23:12; Hes 6:14; 15:8; 28:3; Kum 15:21; 17:1; Ebr 9:14; 1Pet 1:19Wanyama mtakaowachagua, lazima wawe wa kiume wa umri wa mwaka mmoja wasiokuwa na dosari, mwaweza kuwachukua kati ya kondoo au mbuzi. 612:6 Law 23:5; Hes 9:1-11; Yos 5:10; 2Nya 30:2; Kut 16:12; Kum 16:4-6Tunzeni wanyama hao mpaka siku ya kumi na nne ya mwezi, ambapo lazima watu wa jumuiya yote ya Israeli wachinje wanyama hao wakati wa jioni. 712:7 Eze 9:6Ndipo watakapochukua baadhi ya hiyo damu na kuipaka kwenye vizingiti vya juu na miimo ya milango ya nyumba ambamo watakula wana-kondoo hao. 812:8 Kut 16:19; 23:18; 34:25; Law 7:15; Hes 9:11; Kut 13:3; Kum 16:3-7; 2Nya 35:13; 1Kor 5:8Usiku huo huo watakula nyama iliyookwa kwenye moto, pamoja na mboga chungu za majani na mikate isiyotiwa chachu. 912:9 Kut 29:13-22; Law 3:3Msile nyama mbichi wala iliyochemshwa, lakini iwe imeokwa kwenye moto, kichwa, miguu na nyama zake za ndani. 1012:10 Kut 13:7; 29:34; Law 22:30; Kum 16:4Msibakize nyama yoyote mpaka asubuhi; nazo kama zitabakia mpaka asubuhi, lazima mziteketeze kwa moto. 1112:11 Kum 16:3; Isa 48:20; 52:11; Law 23:5; Hes 9:2-4; 28:16; Kum 16:1; Yos 5:10; 2Fal 23:21-23; 2Nya 30:1; Ezr 6:19; Isa 31:5; Eze 45:21Hivi ndivyo mtakavyokula: Mtajifunga mikanda viunoni, mtakuwa mmevaa viatu vyenu miguuni na kushika fimbo zenu mkononi mwenu. Mle kwa haraka; hii ni Pasaka ya Bwana.
1212:12 Amo 5:17; Isa 10:33; 31:8; 37:36; Kut 4:23; 13:15; 15:11; 18:11; Hes 33:4; 2Nya 2:5; Za 95:3; 97:9; 135:5; Isa 19:1; Kut 11:4; Yer 43:12; 44:8; Kut 6:2“Usiku huo huo nitapita katika nchi yote ya Misri na kumuua kila mzaliwa wa kwanza, wa wanadamu na wa wanyama, nami nitaihukumu miungu yote ya Misri. Mimi ndimi Bwana. 1312:13 Ebr 11:28; Kut 8:23Damu itakuwa ishara kwa ajili yenu ya kuonyesha nyumba ambazo mtakuwamo; nami nitakapoiona damu, nitapita juu yenu. Hakuna pigo la uharibifu litakalowagusa ninyi nitakapoipiga Misri.
1412:14 Kut 13:9; 23:14; 32:5; 13:5, 10; 27:21; Law 3:17; 10:9; 16:29; 23:14; 24; 3; Hes 18:23“Siku hii itakuwa kumbukumbu kwenu, mtaiadhimisha kuwa sikukuu kwa Bwana, katika vizazi vyenu vyote: mtaishika kuwa amri ya kudumu. 1512:15 Kut 13:6-7; 23:15; 34:18; Law 23:6; Hes 28:17; Kum 16:3; 1Kor 5:7; Mwa 17:14; Hes 9:13Kwa siku saba mtakula mikate isiyotiwa chachu. Katika siku ya kwanza mtaondoa chachu yote ndani ya nyumba zenu, kwa maana yeyote atakayekula chochote chenye chachu kuanzia siku ya kwanza hadi ya saba lazima akatiliwe mbali kutoka Israeli. 1612:16 Hes 29:35Katika siku ya kwanza mtakuwa na kusanyiko takatifu, na kusanyiko jingine katika siku ya saba. Katika siku hizo msifanye kazi kamwe isipokuwa kutayarisha chakula cha kila mmoja; hilo ndilo tu mtakalofanya.
1712:17 Kut 23:15; 34:18; Kum 16:16; 2Nya 8:13; 30:21; Ezr 6:22; Mt 26:17; Lk 22:1; Mdo 12:3; Kut 6:6, 26; 13:3; Law 19:36; 3:17“Mtaadhimisha Sikukuu ya Mikate Isiyotiwa Chachu, kwa sababu hiyo ndiyo siku ile niliyovitoa vikosi vyenu kutoka Misri. Mtaiadhimisha siku hii kwa vizazi vyenu vyote kuwa amri ya kudumu. 1812:18 Law 23:5-8; Hes 28:16-25Katika mwezi wa kwanza mtakula mikate isiyotiwa chachu, kuanzia jioni ya siku ya kumi na nne hadi jioni ya siku ya ishirini na moja. 1912:19 Mwa 17:14; Hes 9:14; 15:14; 35:15; Kum 1:16; Yos 8:33Kwa muda wa siku saba isionekane chachu yoyote katika nyumba zenu. Yeyote alaye chochote chenye chachu ndani yake, lazima akatiliwe mbali kutoka jumuiya ya Israeli, akiwa ni mgeni au mzawa. 2012:20 Law 3:17; Hes 35:29; Eze 6:6; Kut 13:6Msile chochote kilichotiwa chachu. Popote muishipo, ni lazima mle mikate isiyotiwa chachu.”
2112:21 Mk 14:12-16; Kut 12:11Ndipo Mose akawaita wazee wote wa Israeli na kuwaambia, “Nendeni mara moja mkachague wanyama kwa ajili ya jamaa zenu, mkachinje mwana-kondoo wa Pasaka. 2212:22 Law 14:4-6; Hes 19:18; Za 51:7; Ebr 11:28; Kut 12:7Chukueni kitawi cha hisopo, kichovyeni kwenye damu iliyopo kwenye sinia na kuipaka baadhi ya hiyo damu kwenye vizingiti na kwenye miimo yote miwili ya milango. Mtu yeyote asitoke nje ya mlango wa nyumba yake mpaka asubuhi. 2312:23 Isa 19:22; Ufu 7:3; Mwa 16:7; Isa 37:36; Kut 12:7, 13; Yer 6:26; 48:8; 1Kor 10:10; Ebr 11:28Bwana apitapo katika nchi yote kuwapiga Wamisri, ataiona damu juu ya vizingiti na kwenye miimo ya milango, naye atapita juu, wala hatamruhusu mwangamizi kuingia katika nyumba zenu na kuwapiga ninyi.
24“Shikeni maagizo haya yawe kanuni ya kudumu kwenu na kwa ajili ya wazao wenu. 2512:25 Mwa 15:14; Kut 3:17Mtakapoingia katika nchi Bwana atakayowapa kama alivyoahidi, shikeni desturi hii. 2612:26 Kut 10:2; 13:8; Yos 4:6Watoto wenu watakapowauliza, ‘Sikukuu hii ina maana gani kwenu?’ 2712:27 Kut 8:23; 12:11; Mwa 24:26; Kut 4:31Basi waambieni, ‘Hii ni dhabihu ya Pasaka kwa Bwana, ambaye alipita juu ya nyumba za Waisraeli katika nchi ya Misri na hakudhuru nyumba zetu alipowapiga Wamisri.’ ” Ndipo watu wa Israeli waliposujudu na kuabudu. 28Waisraeli wakafanya kama vile Bwana alivyomwagiza Mose na Aroni.
2912:29 Kut 11:4; Mwa 19:13; Kut 4:23; 9:6; Za 78:51Ilipofika usiku wa manane, Bwana akawapiga wazaliwa wa kwanza wote katika Misri, kuanzia mzaliwa wa kwanza wa Farao, mrithi wa kiti cha ufalme, hadi mzaliwa wa kwanza wa mfungwa, aliyekuwa gerezani, na wazaliwa wa kwanza wa mifugo yote pia. 3012:30 Kut 11:6Farao, na maafisa wake wote, na Wamisri wote wakaamka usiku, na kulikuwa na kilio kikubwa katika nchi ya Misri, kwa kuwa haikuwepo nyumba ambayo hakufa mtu.
Kutoka
3112:31 Kut 8:8Wakati huo Farao akawaita Mose na Aroni na kuwaambia, “Ondokeni! Tokeni kwa watu wangu, ninyi pamoja na Waisraeli! Nendeni mkamwabudu Bwana kama mlivyoomba. 3212:32 Kut 10:9, 26; Mwa 27:34Chukueni makundi yenu ya kondoo na mbuzi pamoja na ngʼombe, kama mlivyosema, nanyi mwende zenu. Nanyi pia mnibariki.”
3312:33 Kut 6:1; 1Sam 6:6; Mwa 20:3; Kut 8:19; Za 105:38Wamisri wakawahimiza Waisraeli waondoke kwa haraka na kuacha nchi yao. Kwa kuwa walisema, “La sivyo, tutakufa wote!” 34Hivyo watu wakachukua donge lao la unga kabla ya kutiwa chachu, wakaweka ndani ya mabakuli ya kukandia, wakayaviringisha katika vitambaa na kuyabeba mabegani mwao. 3512:35 Kut 3:22; Mwa 24:53Waisraeli wakafanya kama Mose alivyowaelekeza, nao wakawaomba Wamisri wawapatie vitu vya fedha, dhahabu na nguo. 3612:36 Mwa 39:21; Kut 3:22Basi Bwana alikuwa amewafanya Wamisri kuwa wakarimu kwa hawa watu, wakawapatia Waisraeli vile walivyotaka kwao; kwa hiyo wakawateka nyara Wamisri.
3712:37 Mwa 47:11; Kut 13:20; Hes 33:3-5; Mwa 12:2; Kut 38:26; Hes 1:46; 2:32; 11:13-21; 26:51Waisraeli wakasafiri kutoka Ramesesi mpaka Sukothi. Walikuwepo wanaume wapatao 600,000 waendao kwa miguu bila kuhesabu wanawake na watoto. 3812:38 Hes 11:4; Yos 8:35Watu wengine wengi wakafuatana nao, pamoja na makundi makubwa ya mifugo wakiwemo kondoo, mbuzi na ngʼombe. 3912:39 Kut 3:20; 6:1; 11:1Wakatengeneza maandazi yasiyotiwa chachu kwa ule unga uliokandwa waliokuwa wameutoa Misri, donge hilo la unga halikuwa limetiwa chachu, kwa kuwa walikuwa wameondolewa Misri kwa haraka nao hawakuwa na muda wa kuandaa chakula chao.
4012:40 Mwa 15:13; Mdo 7:6; Gal 3:17Waisraeli walikuwa wameishi Misri kwa muda wa miaka 430. 4112:41 Kut 6:26; 3:10; 12:17Ilikuwa ni siku ya mwisho ya hiyo miaka 430, vikosi vyote vya Bwana vilipokuwa vimeondoka Misri. 4212:42 Kut 13:10; Law 3:17; Hes 9:3; Kum 16:1, 6Kwa sababu Bwana aliutenga usiku ule ili kuwatoa Waisraeli katika nchi ya Misri, katika usiku huu Waisraeli wote wanapaswa kuadhimisha kwa kukesha ili kumheshimu Bwana katika vizazi vijavyo.
Masharti Kwa Ajili Ya Pasaka
4312:43 Hes 9:14; 15:14; 2Nya 6:32-33; Isa 14:1; 56:3-6; 60:10; Kut 12:11Bwana akamwambia Mose na Aroni, “Haya ndiyo masharti kwa ajili ya Pasaka:
“Mgeni hataruhusiwa kula Pasaka. 4412:44 Mwa 17:12-13Mtumwa yeyote ambaye mmemnunua aweza kuila kama mmemtahiri, 4512:45 Law 22:10lakini kibarua yeyote au msafiri haruhusiwi kula.
4612:46 Hes 9:12; Za 22:14; 34:20; Mit 17:22; Yn 19:36“Sharti iliwe ndani ya nyumba; msichukue nyama yoyote nje ya nyumba hiyo. Msiuvunje mfupa wowote. 47Jumuiya yote ya Israeli ni lazima waiadhimishe Pasaka hiyo.
4812:48 Law 19:18, 34; 24:22; Hes 9:14; 10:32; Eze 44:7“Mgeni aishiye miongoni mwenu ambaye anataka kuadhimisha Pasaka ya Bwana ni lazima wanaume wote waliomo nyumbani mwake wawe wametahiriwa, ndipo aweze kushiriki kama mzawa. Mwanaume yeyote asiyetahiriwa haruhusiwi kuila. 4912:49 Law 24:22; Hes 15:15-16, 29; Kum 1; 16Sheria iyo hiyo itamuhusu mzawa na mgeni anayeishi miongoni mwenu.”
50Waisraeli wote walifanya kama vile Bwana alivyomwagiza Mose na Aroni. 5112:51 Kut 3:10; 6:6, 26; 12:41Siku ile ile Bwana akawatoa Waisraeli katika nchi ya Misri kwa vikosi vyao.
