David’s Last Words
1These are the last words of David:
“The inspired utterance of David son of Jesse,
the utterance of the man exalted by the Most High,
the man anointed by the God of Jacob,
the hero of Israel’s songs:
2“The Spirit of the Lord spoke through me;
his word was on my tongue.
3The God of Israel spoke,
the Rock of Israel said to me:
‘When one rules over people in righteousness,
when he rules in the fear of God,
4he is like the light of morning at sunrise
on a cloudless morning,
like the brightness after rain
that brings grass from the earth.’
5“If my house were not right with God,
surely he would not have made with me an everlasting covenant,
arranged and secured in every part;
surely he would not bring to fruition my salvation
and grant me my every desire.
6But evil men are all to be cast aside like thorns,
which are not gathered with the hand.
7Whoever touches thorns
uses a tool of iron or the shaft of a spear;
they are burned up where they lie.”
David’s Mighty Warriors
8These are the names of David’s mighty warriors:
Josheb-Basshebeth,23:8 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts suggest Ish-Bosheth, that is, Esh-Baal (see also 1 Chron. 11:11 Jashobeam). a Tahkemonite,23:8 Probably a variant of Hakmonite (see 1 Chron. 11:11) was chief of the Three; he raised his spear against eight hundred men, whom he killed23:8 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:11); Hebrew and other Septuagint manuscripts Three; it was Adino the Eznite who killed eight hundred men in one encounter.
9Next to him was Eleazar son of Dodai the Ahohite. As one of the three mighty warriors, he was with David when they taunted the Philistines gathered at Pas Dammim23:9 See 1 Chron. 11:13; Hebrew gathered there. for battle. Then the Israelites retreated, 10but Eleazar stood his ground and struck down the Philistines till his hand grew tired and froze to the sword. The Lord brought about a great victory that day. The troops returned to Eleazar, but only to strip the dead.
11Next to him was Shammah son of Agee the Hararite. When the Philistines banded together at a place where there was a field full of lentils, Israel’s troops fled from them. 12But Shammah took his stand in the middle of the field. He defended it and struck the Philistines down, and the Lord brought about a great victory.
13During harvest time, three of the thirty chief warriors came down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. 14At that time David was in the stronghold, and the Philistine garrison was at Bethlehem. 15David longed for water and said, “Oh, that someone would get me a drink of water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem!” 16So the three mighty warriors broke through the Philistine lines, drew water from the well near the gate of Bethlehem and carried it back to David. But he refused to drink it; instead, he poured it out before the Lord. 17“Far be it from me, Lord, to do this!” he said. “Is it not the blood of men who went at the risk of their lives?” And David would not drink it.
Such were the exploits of the three mighty warriors.
18Abishai the brother of Joab son of Zeruiah was chief of the Three.23:18 Most Hebrew manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:20); two Hebrew manuscripts and Syriac Thirty He raised his spear against three hundred men, whom he killed, and so he became as famous as the Three. 19Was he not held in greater honor than the Three? He became their commander, even though he was not included among them.
20Benaiah son of Jehoiada, a valiant fighter from Kabzeel, performed great exploits. He struck down Moab’s two mightiest warriors. He also went down into a pit on a snowy day and killed a lion. 21And he struck down a huge Egyptian. Although the Egyptian had a spear in his hand, Benaiah went against him with a club. He snatched the spear from the Egyptian’s hand and killed him with his own spear. 22Such were the exploits of Benaiah son of Jehoiada; he too was as famous as the three mighty warriors. 23He was held in greater honor than any of the Thirty, but he was not included among the Three. And David put him in charge of his bodyguard.
24Among the Thirty were:
Asahel the brother of Joab,
Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem,
25Shammah the Harodite,
Elika the Harodite,
26Helez the Paltite,
Ira son of Ikkesh from Tekoa,
27Abiezer from Anathoth,
Sibbekai23:27 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 21:18; 1 Chron. 11:29); Hebrew Mebunnai the Hushathite,
28Zalmon the Ahohite,
Maharai the Netophathite,
29Heled23:29 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Vulgate (see also 1 Chron. 11:30); most Hebrew manuscripts Heleb son of Baanah the Netophathite,
Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah in Benjamin,
30Benaiah the Pirathonite,
Hiddai23:30 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:32) Hurai from the ravines of Gaash,
31Abi-Albon the Arbathite,
Azmaveth the Barhumite,
32Eliahba the Shaalbonite,
the sons of Jashen,
Jonathan 33son of23:33 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:34); Hebrew does not have son of. Shammah the Hararite,
Ahiam son of Sharar23:33 Hebrew; some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:35) Sakar the Hararite,
34Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maakathite,
Eliam son of Ahithophel the Gilonite,
35Hezro the Carmelite,
Paarai the Arbite,
36Igal son of Nathan from Zobah,
the son of Hagri,23:36 Some Septuagint manuscripts (see also 1 Chron. 11:38); Hebrew Haggadi
37Zelek the Ammonite,
Naharai the Beerothite, the armor-bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah,
38Ira the Ithrite,
Gareb the Ithrite
39and Uriah the Hittite.
There were thirty-seven in all.
Davids sidste ord
1Det følgende er Davids sidste ord:
„Et budskab fra David, Isajs søn,
et budskab fra en, som Gud har gjort stor,
som Jakobs Gud har salvet til konge,
helten som Israel synger om.23,1 Eller: „elsket af Israels Stærke”. Oversættelsen er usikker.
2Herrens Ånd talte gennem mig,
hans ord lå på min tunge.
3Israels Gud talte,
Israels beskytter sagde til mig:
‚Den, der regerer retfærdigt,
den, der hersker i ærefrygt for Gud,
4stråler som morgenens lys,
skinner som solen fra en skyfri himmel,
som lysglimt i det våde græs,
der lokker urter frem af jorden.’
5Står min slægt ikke ret ind for Gud?
Har Gud ikke oprettet en evig pagt med mig?
En nøje beregnet og bevaret pagt.
Alt, hvad jeg har brug for til frelse,
mine behov og det, jeg længes efter,
dem får han til at spire frem.
6Men onde mennesker er som tjørne, der fejes bort,
ingen vil røre ved dem.
7Med en jernstang eller et spydskaft bliver de samlet i bunke;
bagefter brændes de op.”
Davids krigshelte
8Blandt Davids mægtige mænd var der tre store helte: Den største var takmonitten Josheb-Bashebet. Med sit spyd dræbte han engang 800 modstandere i ét slag.
9Den næste af de tre store var Elazar, en søn af ahohitten Dodo. Han var sammen med David, da de triumferede over filistrene i slaget ved Pas-Dammim. Den israelitiske hær flygtede, 10men Elazar holdt stand og huggede filistre ned, indtil hans hånd blev så stiv, at han ikke kunne slippe sværdskæftet. Den dag gav Herren ham en stor sejr, så da de andre mænd kom tilbage igen, var der ikke andet for dem at lave end at samle krigsbyttet.
11-12Den sidste af de tre store helte var Shamma, Ages søn af Harar-slægten. Engang, da filistrene angreb ham og hans mænd i en linsemark, flygtede alle mændene, men Shamma blev stående midt i marken og slog ene mand filistrene på flugt. Ved den lejlighed gav Gud ham en stor sejr.
13Foruden de tre store helte var der en større gruppe tapre krigere, som blev kaldt „De Tredive”. Engang i høsttiden kom tre af dem hen til David, som opholdt sig ved Adullams hule, mens filistrene havde slået lejr i Refaimdalen. 14David var i klippeborgen, mens en af filistrenes garnisoner havde besat Betlehem, som lå i nærheden. 15David var tørstig og sagde henkastet: „Det kunne være skønt med et krus vand fra brønden ved byporten hjemme i Betlehem!” 16Da sneg de tre mænd sig gennem filistrenes lejr, øste vand fra brønden ved byporten og bragte det til David. Men han kunne ikke få sig selv til at drikke det. I stedet hældte han det ud på jorden som et offer til Herren. 17„Gud forbyde, at jeg skulle drikke det!” udbrød han. „Det ville jo være som at drikke de tre mænds blod, der satte livet på spil for at hente det!” Derfor drak han det ikke. Det er blot ét eksempel på de tre heltes vovemod.
18-19Abishaj, Joabs bror, var anfører for „De Tredive”. Engang dræbte han 300 fjendtlige soldater med sit spyd. Det var på grund af sådanne heltegerninger, at „De Tredive” så op til ham som deres anfører, men han kom ikke på højde med de tre store helte.
20Benaja, Jojadas søn fra Kabtze’el, var en anden heltemodig kriger. Det var ham, der dræbte Ariels to sønner, kæmperne fra Moab. Det var også ham, der kravlede ned i en cisterne og dræbte en løve en dag, hvor det sneede. 21Ved en anden lejlighed gik han løs på en egyptisk kæmpe, der havde et enormt spyd. Benaja slog spyddet ud af hånden på ham med sin stok og dræbte ham med det. 22Det var den slags heltegerninger, som gjorde Benaja lige så berømt som de tre store helte, 23selv om han ikke regnedes blandt dem. Men „De Tredive” så op til ham, og David udnævnte ham til chef for sin livvagt.
24-39Her følger en liste over de heltemodige krigere, der blev kaldt „De Tredive”: Asael, Joabs bror; Elhanan, Dodos søn fra Betlehem; Shamma fra Harod; Elika fra Harod; Heletz fra Palti; Ira, Ikkesh’ søn fra Tekoa; Abiezer fra Anatot; Sibbekaj fra Husha; Zalmon fra Ahoa; Maharaj fra Netofa; Heled, Ba’anas søn fra Netofa; Ittaj, Ribajs søn fra Gibea i Benjamins land; Benaja fra Piraton; Hiddaj fra Ga’ash kløften; Abi-Albon fra Arba; Azmavet fra Bahurim; Eljahba fra Sha’albon; Jashens sønner; Jonatan, Shammas søn fra Harar; Ahiam, Sharars søn fra Harar; Elifelet, Ahasbajs søn fra Bet-Ma’aka; Eliam, Ahitofels søn fra Gilo; Hetzro fra Karmel; Pa’araj fra Arab; Jigal, Natans søn fra Zoba; Bani fra Gad; Zelek fra Ammon; Nahraj, Joabs våbendrager, fra Be’erot; Ira fra Jattir; Gareb fra Jattir; hittitten Urias. I alt 37 heltemodige mænd.
