Rules for Priests
1The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the priests, the sons of Aaron. Tell them, ‘A priest must not make himself “unclean” by going near the dead body of any of his people. 2But he can go near the body of a close relative. It could be his mother, father, son, daughter or brother. 3He can also go near a sister who is not married. She would have depended on him because she did not have a husband. The priest can make himself “unclean” by going near her body. 4But he must not make himself “unclean” by going near the bodies of people only related to him by marriage. Going near them would make him “unclean.”
5“ ‘Priests must not shave any part of their heads. They must not shave off the edges of their beards. They must not make cuts on their bodies when someone dies. 6Priests must be holy. They must be set apart for me. I am their God. They must not treat my name as if it were not holy. They must be holy because they bring food offerings to me. That is my food.
7“ ‘They must not get married to women who are “unclean” because they are prostitutes. They must not marry women who are divorced from their husbands. That is because priests are holy. They are set apart for me. I am their God. 8Consider them as holy, because they offer up food to me. Consider them as holy, because I am holy. I am the Lord. I make you holy.
9“ ‘Suppose a priest’s daughter makes herself “unclean” by becoming a prostitute. Then she brings shame on her father. She must be burned to death.
10“ ‘The high priest is the one among his brothers whose head has been anointed with olive oil. He has been appointed to wear the priest’s clothes. When someone dies, the high priest must not let his own hair hang loose. He must not tear his clothes to show how sad he is. 11He must not enter a place where there is a dead body. He must not make himself “unclean,” even if his father or mother dies. 12He must not leave the sacred tent of the Lord to take part in burying a body. That would bring shame on the tent. The anointing oil has set the high priest apart. I am the Lord.
13“ ‘The woman the high priest gets married to must be a virgin. 14He must not marry a widow or a woman who is divorced. He must not marry a woman who is “unclean” because she is a prostitute. He must only marry a virgin. She must come from his own people. 15If he doesn’t marry a virgin, he makes the children he has by her “unclean.” I am the Lord. I make him holy.’ ”
16The Lord said to Moses, 17“Speak to Aaron. Tell him, ‘No man in your family line with any flaws may come near to offer food to the Lord. This is true for all time to come. 18No man who has any flaws can come near. No man who is blind or disabled can come. No man whose body is scarred or twisted can come. 19No man whose foot or hand is disabled can come. 20No man whose back is bent can come. No man who is too short can come. No man who has anything wrong with his eyes can come. No man who has boils or running sores can come. No man whose sex glands are crushed can come. 21No man with any flaws who is in the family line of Aaron the priest may come near me. He can’t come to bring the food offerings to the Lord. If he has any flaws, he must not come near to offer food to the Lord. 22He can eat the holy food. He can also eat my very holy food. 23But because he has a flaw, he must not go near the curtain or approach the altar. If he does, he will make my sacred tent “unclean.” I am the Lord. I make everything holy.’ ”
24So Moses told all these things to Aaron and his sons. He also told them to all the Israelites.
La santidad de los sacerdotes
1El Señor ordenó a Moisés que dijera a los sacerdotes, hijos de Aarón: «No se contaminen tocando el cadáver de alguien de su pueblo, 2excepto en el caso de un pariente cercano como su madre, su padre, su hijo, su hija, su hermano 3o una hermana soltera que, por no tener marido, dependa de él, y en cuyo caso él quede impuro. 4Como jefes de su pueblo, no deben hacerse impuros ni contaminarse.
5»Los sacerdotes no se raparán la cabeza, ni se despuntarán la barba ni se harán heridas en el cuerpo. 6Deben ser santos para su Dios y no profanar su nombre. Son ellos los que presentan al Señor las ofrendas puestas al fuego, que son como el pan de su Dios. Por eso deben ser santos.
7»Ningún sacerdote se casará con una prostituta, ni con una mujer que no sea virgen, ni con una divorciada, porque está consagrado a su Dios. 8Considéralo santo, porque él ofrece el pan de tu Dios. Santo será para ti, porque santo soy yo, el Señor, que los consagro a ustedes.
9»La hija de un sacerdote que se hace prostituta se profana a sí misma y profana a su padre. Deberá ser quemada.
Santidad del sumo sacerdote
10»Aquel que sea sumo sacerdote entre sus hermanos, sobre cuya cabeza se haya derramado el aceite de la unción y a quien se le haya conferido autoridad21:10 y a … autoridad. Lit. y quien llenó sus manos. para llevar las vestiduras sacerdotales, no deberá andar despeinado ni rasgarse las vestiduras.
11»No entrará en ningún lugar donde haya un cadáver.
»No deberá contaminarse, ni siquiera por su padre o por su madre.
12»No saldrá del santuario, para no profanar el santuario de su Dios, porque ha sido consagrado mediante el aceite de la unción divina. Yo soy el Señor.
13»La mujer que tome por esposa debe ser virgen. 14No debe casarse con una viuda, ni con una divorciada ni con una prostituta. Debe casarse con una virgen de su mismo pueblo, 15para que no profane su descendencia entre su pueblo. Yo soy el Señor, que lo consagra».
Impedimentos para ejercer el sacerdocio
16El Señor ordenó a Moisés 17que dijera a Aarón: «Ninguno de tus descendientes que tenga defecto físico deberá acercarse jamás a su Dios para presentarle la ofrenda de pan. 18En efecto, no deberá acercarse nadie que tenga algún defecto físico: ninguno que sea ciego, cojo, mutilado, deforme, 19lisiado de pies o manos, 20jorobado o enano; o con cataratas en los ojos, o que tenga sarna o llaga supurante, o que tenga algún testículo dañado. 21Ningún descendiente del sacerdote Aarón que tenga algún defecto podrá acercarse a presentar al Señor las ofrendas puestas al fuego. No podrá acercarse para presentarle a su Dios la ofrenda de pan por tener un defecto. 22Podrá comer de la ofrenda de pan, tanto del alimento santo como del santísimo, 23pero por causa de su defecto no pasará más allá de la cortina ni se acercará al altar, para no profanar mi santuario. Yo soy el Señor, que consagro para mí a los sacerdotes».
24Y Moisés comunicó todo esto a Aarón, a sus hijos y a todos los israelitas.
