1Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this is Ahasuerus which reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, over an hundred and seven and twenty provinces:) 2That in those days, when the king Ahasuerus sat on the throne of his kingdom, which was in Shushan the palace, 3In the third year of his reign, he made a feast unto all his princes and his servants; the power of Persia and Media, the nobles and princes of the provinces, being before him: 4When he shewed the riches of his glorious kingdom and the honour of his excellent majesty many days, even an hundred and fourscore days. 5And when these days were expired, the king made a feast unto all the people that were present in Shushan the palace, both unto great and small, seven days, in the court of the garden of the king’s palace;1.5 present: Heb. found 6Where were white, green, and blue, hangings, fastened with cords of fine linen and purple to silver rings and pillars of marble: the beds were of gold and silver, upon a pavement of red, and blue, and white, and black, marble.1.6 blue, hangings: or, violet, etc1.6 of red…: or, of porphyre, and marble and alabaster, and stone of blue colour 7And they gave them drink in vessels of gold, (the vessels being diverse one from another,) and royal wine in abundance, according to the state of the king.1.7 royal…: Heb. wine of the kingdom1.7 state: Heb. hand 8And the drinking was according to the law; none did compel: for so the king had appointed to all the officers of his house, that they should do according to every man’s pleasure. 9Also Vashti the queen made a feast for the women in the royal house which belonged to king Ahasuerus.
10¶ On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Biztha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that served in the presence of Ahasuerus the king,1.10 chamberlains: or, eunuchs 11To bring Vashti the queen before the king with the crown royal, to shew the people and the princes her beauty: for she was fair to look on.1.11 fair…: Heb. good of countenance 12But the queen Vashti refused to come at the king’s commandment by his chamberlains: therefore was the king very wroth, and his anger burned in him.1.12 by his…: Heb. which was by the hand of his eunuchs
13¶ Then the king said to the wise men, which knew the times, (for so was the king’s manner toward all that knew law and judgment: 14And the next unto him was Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media, which saw the king’s face, and which sat the first in the kingdom;) 15What shall we do unto the queen Vashti according to law, because she hath not performed the commandment of the king Ahasuerus by the chamberlains?1.15 What…: Heb. What to do 16And Memucan answered before the king and the princes, Vashti the queen hath not done wrong to the king only, but also to all the princes, and to all the people that are in all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus. 17For this deed of the queen shall come abroad unto all women, so that they shall despise their husbands in their eyes, when it shall be reported, The king Ahasuerus commanded Vashti the queen to be brought in before him, but she came not. 18Likewise shall the ladies of Persia and Media say this day unto all the king’s princes, which have heard of the deed of the queen. Thus shall there arise too much contempt and wrath. 19If it please the king, let there go a royal commandment from him, and let it be written among the laws of the Persians and the Medes, that it be not altered, That Vashti come no more before king Ahasuerus; and let the king give her royal estate unto another that is better than she.1.19 If it…: Heb. If it be good with the king1.19 unto…: Heb. unto her companion1.19 from him: Heb. from before him1.19 be not…: Heb. pass not away 20And when the king’s decree which he shall make shall be published throughout all his empire, (for it is great,) all the wives shall give to their husbands honour, both to great and small. 21And the saying pleased the king and the princes; and the king did according to the word of Memucan:1.21 pleased…: Heb. was good in the eyes of the king 22For he sent letters into all the king’s provinces, into every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language, that every man should bear rule in his own house, and that it should be published according to the language of every people.1.22 that it…: Heb. that one should publish it according to the language of his people
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王妃ワシュティの追放
1-3アハシュエロスは、インドからエチオピヤにまで及ぶ広大なメド・ペルシヤ帝国の皇帝でしたが、その治世の第三年に、シュシャンの王宮で盛大な祝宴を催しました。皇帝は各地から、総督、随員、将校たちをみな招待しました。 4お祭り騒ぎは六か月も続き、帝国の富と栄光を誇示する、またとない機会となりました。
5この期間が終わると、王は門番から高官に至るまで王宮に仕える者を招いて、庭園で七日間、酒宴を催しました。 6大理石の柱の銀の輪には、飾り用の緑、白、青の布が紫のリボンで結びつけられ、黒、赤、白、黄色の大理石がはめ込まれたモザイク模様の歩道には、金銀の長いすが並べてありました。 7飲み物は、多種多様な金の杯に、なみなみとつがれています。すっかり気が大きくなった王は、王室とっておきのワインなども惜しげもなくふるまいました。 8酒を飲むのは全く自由で、むりやり勧められることも、あえて遠慮させられることもありません。王が役人たちに、皆の好きなようにさせよと言っておいたからです。 9同じころ、王妃ワシュティも、王宮の婦人たちを集めて宴を開いていました。
10さて、最後の七日目のことです。かなり酒のまわった王はつい調子に乗り、王に仕えるメフマン、ビゼタ、ハルボナ、ビグタ、アバグタ、ゼタル、カルカスら七人の役人を呼び、 11王妃ワシュティに王冠をかぶらせて連れて来るようにと命じました。絶世の美女である彼女の美しさを、人々に見せたかったのです。 12役人たちがその旨を伝えたところ、王命にもかかわらず、王妃は言うことを聞こうとしませんでした。これを知った王は怒りに燃えました。
13-15しかしまず、王室つきの法律顧問たちに相談することにしました。王がこのようなことに関して、法律顧問に相談することなしに判断することはなかったからです。彼らはペルシヤの法律と裁判に通じているばかりか、臨機応変に事を処理できる知恵者でもあり、王は信頼しきっていたのです。その法律顧問というのはカルシェナ、シェタル、アデマタ、タルシシュ、メレス、マルセナ、メムカンの七人で、いずれもメド・ペルシヤの高官でした。政府の有力者であるだけでなく、王とも個人的に親しくしていました。
王はさっそく意見を求めました。「今回の件だが、どうしたらよいものか。側近を通じ、手続きを踏んで出した命令を王妃ははねつけたのだ。法律では、どのように罰せよと定めているか。」
16メムカンが一同を代表して答えました。「陛下。王妃は、陛下ばかりか、役人や全国民にまで悪い手本を残しました。 17と申しますのも、これをいいことに、国中の女どもは王妃のまねをして、夫に逆らうに違いないからです。 18今晩にも、国中の役人の妻たちは、夫たちに口答えすることでしょう。そうなれば、陛下、領地内はくまなく軽蔑や怒りであふれます。 19もしよろしければ、勅令を出し、絶対不変のメディヤとペルシヤの国の法令として、ワシュティ王妃を永久追放にし、代わりにもっとふさわしい王妃を選ぶことをご宣言ください。 20この勅令が帝国のすみずみまで及べば、身分にかかわりなく、妻に対する夫の尊厳は守られるでしょう。」
21王も側近たちも、なるほど、そのとおりだと思い、メムカンの意見に従うことにしました。 22こうして王は各州に通達を出し、それぞれの民族のことばで、男はみな一家を治めるべきことを命じ、また家長としての威厳を保つことを強調したのです。
