1And the king sent, and they gathered unto him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem. 2And the king went up into the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, both small and great: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in the house of the LORD.23.2 both…: Heb. from small even unto great
3¶ And the king stood by a pillar, and made a covenant before the LORD, to walk after the LORD, and to keep his commandments and his testimonies and his statutes with all their heart and all their soul, to perform the words of this covenant that were written in this book. And all the people stood to the covenant.
4And the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the keepers of the door, to bring forth out of the temple of the LORD all the vessels that were made for Baal, and for the grove, and for all the host of heaven: and he burned them without Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron, and carried the ashes of them unto Beth-el. 5And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to burn incense in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that burned incense unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the planets, and to all the host of heaven.23.5 put…: Heb. caused to cease23.5 idolatrous…: Heb. Chemarim23.5 planets: or, twelve signs or, constellations 6And he brought out the grove from the house of the LORD, without Jerusalem, unto the brook Kidron, and burned it at the brook Kidron, and stamped it small to powder, and cast the powder thereof upon the graves of the children of the people. 7And he brake down the houses of the sodomites, that were by the house of the LORD, where the women wove hangings for the grove.23.7 hangings: Heb. houses 8And he brought all the priests out of the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from Geba to Beer-sheba, and brake down the high places of the gates that were in the entering in of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on a man’s left hand at the gate of the city. 9Nevertheless the priests of the high places came not up to the altar of the LORD in Jerusalem, but they did eat of the unleavened bread among their brethren. 10And he defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the children of Hinnom, that no man might make his son or his daughter to pass through the fire to Molech. 11And he took away the horses that the kings of Judah had given to the sun, at the entering in of the house of the LORD, by the chamber of Nathan-melech the chamberlain, which was in the suburbs, and burned the chariots of the sun with fire.23.11 chamberlain: or, eunuch, or, officer 12And the altars that were on the top of the upper chamber of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the house of the LORD, did the king beat down, and brake them down from thence, and cast the dust of them into the brook Kidron.23.12 brake…: or, ran from thence 13And the high places that were before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the mount of corruption, which Solomon the king of Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the king defile.23.13 the mount…: that is, the mount of Olives 14And he brake in pieces the images, and cut down the groves, and filled their places with the bones of men.23.14 images: Heb. statues
15¶ Moreover the altar that was at Beth-el, and the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, had made, both that altar and the high place he brake down, and burned the high place, and stamped it small to powder, and burned the grove. 16And as Josiah turned himself, he spied the sepulchres that were there in the mount, and sent, and took the bones out of the sepulchres, and burned them upon the altar, and polluted it, according to the word of the LORD which the man of God proclaimed, who proclaimed these words. 17Then he said, What title is that that I see? And the men of the city told him, It is the sepulchre of the man of God, which came from Judah, and proclaimed these things that thou hast done against the altar of Beth-el. 18And he said, Let him alone; let no man move his bones. So they let his bones alone, with the bones of the prophet that came out of Samaria.23.18 bones alone: Heb. bones to escape 19And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the Lord to anger, Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. 20And he slew all the priests of the high places that were there upon the altars, and burned men’s bones upon them, and returned to Jerusalem.23.20 slew: or, sacrificed
21¶ And the king commanded all the people, saying, Keep the passover unto the LORD your God, as it is written in the book of this covenant. 22Surely there was not holden such a passover from the days of the judges that judged Israel, nor in all the days of the kings of Israel, nor of the kings of Judah; 23But in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, wherein this passover was holden to the LORD in Jerusalem.
24¶ Moreover the workers with familiar spirits, and the wizards, and the images, and the idols, and all the abominations that were spied in the land of Judah and in Jerusalem, did Josiah put away, that he might perform the words of the law which were written in the book that Hilkiah the priest found in the house of the LORD.23.24 images: or, teraphim
25And like unto him was there no king before him, that turned to the LORD with all his heart, and with all his soul, and with all his might, according to all the law of Moses; neither after him arose there any like him.
26¶ Notwithstanding the LORD turned not from the fierceness of his great wrath, wherewith his anger was kindled against Judah, because of all the provocations that Manasseh had provoked him withal.23.26 provocations: Heb. angers 27And the LORD said, I will remove Judah also out of my sight, as I have removed Israel, and will cast off this city Jerusalem which I have chosen, and the house of which I said, My name shall be there. 28Now the rest of the acts of Josiah, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
29¶ In his days Pharaoh-nechoh king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew him at Megiddo, when he had seen him. 30And his servants carried him in a chariot dead from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own sepulchre. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and anointed him, and made him king in his father’s stead.
31¶ Jehoahaz was twenty and three years old when he began to reign; and he reigned three months in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.23.31 Jehoahaz: also called, Shallum 32And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done. 33And Pharaoh-nechoh put him in bands at Riblah in the land of Hamath, that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and put the land to a tribute of an hundred talents of silver, and a talent of gold.23.33 that…: or, because he reigned23.33 put the…: Heb. set a fine upon the land 34And Pharaoh-nechoh made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in the room of Josiah his father, and turned his name to Jehoiakim, and took Jehoahaz away: and he came to Egypt, and died there. 35And Jehoiakim gave the silver and the gold to Pharaoh; but he taxed the land to give the money according to the commandment of Pharaoh: he exacted the silver and the gold of the people of the land, of every one according to his taxation, to give it unto Pharaoh-nechoh.
36¶ Jehoiakim was twenty and five years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Zebudah, the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. 37And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his fathers had done.
Josias renova a aliança com o Senhor
(2 Cr 34.3-7, 29-33)
1O rei mandou chamar os anciãos de Judá e de Jerusalém 2para irem com ele ao templo. Todos os sacerdotes, os profetas e o povo, desde o maior até ao mais pequeno, tanto de Jerusalém como de Judá, se reuniram no templo, para que o rei lhes lesse todas as palavras da aliança que Deus estabelecera com o seu povo, do livro que fora achado no templo. 3Ele ficou de pé, ao lado da coluna que está diante do povo e, tanto ele como o povo, renovaram a aliança com o Senhor, em como obedeceriam à sua palavra, guardariam os seus mandamentos, preceitos e decretos, e obedeceriam ao Senhor com todo o seu coração e com toda a sua alma.
4O rei deu instruções a Hilquias, o sumo sacerdote, aos sacerdotes e guardas do templo para destruírem todo o mobiliário e material que serviu para o culto prestado a Baal, a Achera, ao Sol, à Lua e às estrelas. O rei queimou tudo nos terrenos do vale de Cedron, fora de Jerusalém, e levou as cinzas para Betel. 5Também matou os sacerdotes do culto idólatra, nomeados para tal pelos anteriores reis de Judá, pois tinham queimado incenso nos santuários pagãos, em toda a terra de Judá e mesmo em Jerusalém. Também esses tinham oferecido incenso a Baal, ao Sol, à Lua, às estrelas e aos planetas. 6Também pôs fora da casa do Senhor o ídolo blasfemo de Achera e levou-o para Jerusalém, para o ribeiro de Cedron; queimou-o ali e desfê-lo em pó, lançando as cinzas nas sepulturas do povo comum. 7Mandou derrubar as casas dos homens prostitutos em volta do templo, onde as mulheres faziam roupa em honra da deusa Achera.
8Tornou a mandar vir para Jerusalém os sacerdotes de Deus, que viviam noutras cidades de Judá, e destruiu todos os santuários pagãos onde se queimava incenso aos ídolos, mesmo os que estavam muito distantes, como em Geba e em Berseba. Destruiu igualmente os santuários pagãos à entrada do palácio de Josué, o antigo governador da cidade de Jerusalém, à esquerda de quem entra pela porta da cidade. 9Contudo, os sacerdotes desses santuários nunca serviram no altar do Senhor em Jerusalém, ainda que comessem pães sem fermento com os outros sacerdotes.
10Também deitou abaixo o altar erigido a Tofete no vale de Ben-Hinom, de forma a que nunca mais ninguém ali pudesse oferecer em holocausto o seu filho ou filha como sacrifício a Moloque. 11Mandou destruir igualmente as estátuas de cavalos e os carros localizados perto da entrada do templo, nas proximidades da residência de Natã-Meleque, o eunuco. Essas figuras tinham sido dedicadas, por anteriores reis de Judá, ao deus do Sol.
12Fez o mesmo com os altares que os reis de Judá tinham feito erguer nos terraços da sala de Acaz. Os altares que Manassés levantara nos pátios do templo esmagou-os, despedaçando-os e lançando-os depois no vale de Cedron.
13Seguidamente, tirou os santuários pagãos a oriente de Jerusalém e a sul do monte da Corrupção. Salomão tinha feito erguer esses santuários a Astarote, a abominável deusa dos sidónios, e a Quemós, o deus execrável de Moabe, e também a Milcom, o deus abominável dos amonitas. 14Fez desaparecer os obeliscos e os vergonhosos ídolos de Achera; tornou esses terrenos imundos, espalhando neles ossos de cadáveres.
15Fez o mesmo com o altar e os santuários pagãos de Betel, que Jeroboão I, filho de Nebate, mandara edificar e que levaram Israel a pecar dessa maneira. Desfez essas pedras e queimou o repugnante ídolo de Achera. 16Enquanto ia observando a situação no território, Josias reparou em vários túmulos perto da montanha. Deu ordens aos seus homens que tirassem dali os ossos e que os queimassem sobre o altar de Betel, para o tornar impuro, tal como o homem de Deus tinha declarado, em nome do Senhor, que haveria de acontecer ao altar de Jeroboão.23.16 Ver 1 Rs 13.2.
17“Que monumento é aquele ali?”, perguntou. A gente da cidade respondeu-lhe: “É o túmulo do homem de Deus que veio de Judá e proclamou que haveria de acontecer aquilo que acabaste justamente de fazer com o altar de Betel!”
18“Não mexam então nessa sepultura; deixem-na ficar assim!”, ordenou. E deixaram os ossos como estavam, mais os ossos dos profetas que vieram de Samaria.
19Josias demoliu ainda os santuários pagãos de Samaria. Tinham sido erguidos por vários reis de Israel e suscitado grandemente a ira do Senhor. Desfê-los em pó, tal como fizera com o altar em Betel. 20Mandou que os sacerdotes idólatras dos santuários pagãos fossem executados sobre os altares e queimou ossos humanos sobre eles para os tornar impuros. Finalmente, regressou a Jerusalém.
A celebração da Páscoa
(2 Cr 35.1, 18-19)
21O rei deu ordens para todo o povo, dizendo: “Celebrem a Páscoa ao Senhor, vosso Deus, exatamente como está escrito neste livro da aliança.” 22Não tinha havido comemoração da Páscoa semelhante a essa desde os dias dos juízes de Israel, e nunca mais houve outra assim em todos os anos dos reis de Israel e Judá. 23Esta Páscoa teve lugar no décimo oitavo ano do reinado de Josias e foi celebrada em Jerusalém, em honra do Senhor.
24Josias também mandou exterminar os médiuns, os adivinhos e toda a espécie de culto abominável e idólatra, tanto em Jerusalém como em toda a terra. Porque Josias estava decidido a cumprir as palavras e os mandamentos escritos no livro que o sacerdote Hilquias encontrara no templo. 25Não houve outro rei que se tivesse convertido tão completamente ao Senhor e tivesse sido tão cumpridor da Lei dada por Moisés; nenhum outro rei depois dele foi tão obediente.
26Contudo, o Senhor não afastou a sua grande ira de Judá, devido aos graves pecados do rei Manassés. 27Porque o Senhor dissera: “Destruirei Judá como fiz com Israel; rejeitarei a minha cidade escolhida de Jerusalém e o templo que disse que seriam meus.”
A morte de Josias
(2 Cr 35.20–36.1)
28O resto da biografia de Josias está escrito no Livro das Crónicas dos Reis de Judá.
29Nesses dias o rei Neco do Egito atacou o rei da Assíria, junto ao rio Eufrates, e Josias declarou-lhe guerra. Neco matou Josias em Megido, logo que ali chegou. 30Os seus chefes militares trouxeram o seu corpo para Jerusalém e colocaram-no na sepultura que escolhera. O seu filho Jeoacaz foi escolhido pelo povo para ser o novo rei.
Jeoacaz rei de Judá
(2 Cr 36.2-4)
31O novo rei de Judá foi Jeoacaz. Quando começou a reinar tinha 23 anos. O seu reinado em Jerusalém durou três meses. A sua mãe chamava-se Hamutal e era filha de Jeremias, de Libna. 32Foi um mau rei. Fez o que era mau aos olhos do Senhor, à semelhança de tudo o que de mal tinham feito os seus antecessores.
33O Faraó Neco mandou-o prender em Ribla, na terra de Hamate, para impedir que reinasse, e impôs um tributo a Judá de 3400 quilos de prata e 34 quilos de ouro. 34O soberano egípcio escolheu Eliaquim, um outro filho de Josias, para reinar em Jerusalém, mudando-lhe o nome para Joaquim. Levou depois o rei Jeoacaz para o Egito, onde morreu. 35Joaquim estabeleceu um imposto sobre o povo para obter o dinheiro que o Faraó exigia.
Joaquim rei de Judá
(2 Cr 36.5-8)
36O novo rei de Judá foi Joaquim. Tinha 25 anos quando começou a reinar e reinou 11 anos em Jerusalém. O nome de sua mãe era Zebida e era filha de Pedaías, de Ruma. 37Tal como outros reis anteriores, fez o que era mau aos olhos do Senhor.
