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避難用の町
1あなたの神、主があなたのものになる地の国々をすべて滅ぼし、あなたがその町々に住むようになったら、 2-3避難用の町を三つ確保しなさい。過って人を殺した者が安全に逃げ込めるようにするためです。国を三つに区分し、各地域に一つずつ避難用の町を設けます。町に通じる道はよく補修しておきなさい。
4その町を設けるのは、たとえば次のような場合のためです。 5二人の人が森へ木を切りに行き、一人が木を切ろうと斧を振り上げたとたん、刃が柄から抜けて相手に当たり、運悪くその人は死んでしまった。そういう場合、避難用の町に逃げ込んで身を守るのです。 6-7だれも復讐はできません。これらの町は、どこに住む人でも必ず三つの町の一つには逃げ込めるように、距離をよく考えて町を選びなさい。でないと、町まで行かないうちに怒りに燃えた復讐する者に追いつかれ、殺されるかもしれません。過って殺しただけで死刑にならないのです。
8先祖への約束どおり、主が領土を広げ、約束の地を全部下さったら、 9避難用の町をさらに三つ増やしなさい。もっともそのためには、今日、私が与える律法をみな守り、あなたの神、主を愛し、主の言われるとおりに歩まなければなりません。 10避難用の町が十分にあれば、罪のない者が殺されることもなく、不法な処刑が行われた責任を取ることもなくなります。
11しかし、以前から憎んでいた相手を待ち伏せて殺した場合は、避難用の町に逃げ込んでもむだです。 12犯人の出身地に当たる町の長老が彼を連れ戻し、殺された者の復讐をする者に殺させなさい。 13容赦はいりません。イスラエルから人殺しを除き去りなさい。それはあなたがたのためになることです。
土地の境界線について
14あなたの神、主が与えてくださる地に着いたら、かってに境界線を動かして人の土地を盗んではいけません。
裁判の証人
15たった一人の証言で、人を有罪にしてはいけません。少なくとも二人、できるなら三人の証言が必要です。 16無実の人を捕まえて、罪を犯す現場を見たと偽証する者がいたら、 17その者と訴えられた者とを二人とも、その時に任に就いている祭司と裁判官のところへ連れて行きなさい。 18裁判官がよく調べた結果、偽証であることがはっきりしたら、 19訴えられた者が受けるはずだった刑を、反対に偽証人が受けることになります。こうして悪の根を取り除きなさい。 20それが見せしめとなり、だれも偽証しなくなるでしょう。 21みな自分の罪に見合う刑罰を受けるのです。いのちの代わりにはいのち、目の代わりには目、歯の代わりには歯、手の代わりには手、足の代わりには足で償われるのです。
Cities to Run to for Safety
1The Lord your God will destroy the nations whose land he is giving you. You will drive them out. And you will make your homes in their towns and their houses. 2When you do, set apart for yourselves three cities in the land. It’s the land the Lord your God is giving you to take as your own. 3Figure out the distances and then separate the land into three parts. Then anyone who kills another person can run to one of these cities for safety. They are in the land the Lord your God is giving you as your own.
4Here is the rule about a person who kills someone. That person can run to one of those cities for safety. The rule applies to anyone who kills a neighbor they didn’t hate and didn’t mean to kill. 5For example, suppose a man goes into a forest with his neighbor to cut wood. When he swings his ax to chop down a tree, the head of the ax flies off. And it hits his neighbor and kills him. Then that man can run to one of those cities and save his life. 6If he doesn’t go to one of those cities, the dead man’s nearest male relative might become very angry. He might chase the man. If the city is too far away, he might catch him and kill him. But the man running to the city isn’t worthy of death, because he didn’t hate his neighbor. 7That’s why I command you to set apart for yourselves three cities.
8The Lord your God will increase the size of your territory. He promised your people of long ago that he would do it. He will give you the whole land he promised them. 9But he’ll do it only if you are careful to obey all the laws I’m commanding you today. I command you to love the Lord your God. You must always live as he wants you to live. Suppose you are careful to obey, and the Lord your God gives you more land. Then you must set apart three more cities. 10Do it to protect those not guilty of murder. Then you won’t spill their blood in your land. It’s the land the Lord your God is giving you as your own.
11But suppose a man hates his neighbor. So he hides and waits for him. Then he attacks him and kills him. And he runs to one of those cities for safety. 12If he does, the elders of his own town must send for him. He must be brought back from the city. He must be handed over to the dead man’s nearest male relative. Then the relative will kill him. 13Don’t feel sorry for him. He has killed someone who hadn’t done anything wrong. Crimes like that must be punished in Israel. Then things will go well with you.
14Don’t move your neighbor’s boundary stone. It was set up by people who lived there before you. It marks the border of a field in the land you will receive as your own. The Lord your God is giving you that land. You will take it over.
Witnesses
15Suppose someone is charged with committing a crime of any kind. Then one witness won’t be enough to prove that person is guilty. Every matter must be proved by the words of two or three witnesses.
16Suppose a witness who tells lies goes to court and brings charges against someone. The witness says someone committed a crime. 17Then the two people in the case must stand in front of the Lord. They must stand in front of the priests and the judges who are in office at that time. 18The judges must check out the matter carefully. And suppose the witness is proved to be lying. Then he has said something false in court against another Israelite. 19So do to the lying witness what he tried to do to the other person. Get rid of that evil witness. 20The rest of the people will hear about it. And they will be afraid. They won’t allow such an evil thing to be done among them again. 21Don’t feel sorry for that evil person. A life must be taken for a life. An eye must be put out for an eye. A tooth must be knocked out for a tooth. A hand must be cut off for a hand and a foot for a foot.
