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主に背くソロモン
1ソロモン王は、エジプトの王女のほかにも多くの女を妻にしました。その多くは偶像を礼拝していたモアブ、アモン、エドム、シドン、およびヘテ出身の女でした。 2主はかねてからご自分の民に、これらの国々の者と結婚してはならないと、はっきり教えていました。それをすれば、イスラエルの男と結婚した外国の女は、彼らの心を自分たちの神々に向かわせるようになるからです。それなのに、王は外国の女たちと結婚したのです。 3その数、妻が七百人、そばめが三百人で、はたして、彼女たちは王の心を主から離れさせました。 4特に王の晩年、彼女たちは、王が父ダビデのように完全に主に信頼することを妨げ、自分たちの神々を拝むように仕向けたのです。 5王はシドン人の女神アシュタロテと、アモン人のあの残酷野蛮な神ミルコムに従いました。 6王ははっきり悪いとわかっていることを行い、父ダビデのようには、主に従おうとはしていませんでした。 7王はまた、モアブ人の邪悪な神ケモシュと、アモン人の嫌悪すべき神モレク（ミルコム）のために、エルサレムの東の谷を越えたオリーブ山の上に礼拝所を建てました。 8また外国人の妻たちにも、彼女たちがそれぞれの神々に香をたき、いけにえをささげられるように、多くの礼拝所を建ててやりました。
9-10それを見て、主は考えを変え、自分から心が離れたソロモン王に怒りを燃やしました。主は二度も彼に現れて、ほかの神々を拝むような罪を犯してはならないと警告したのに、王はもはや主に心を向けなかったのです。 11そこで主は、彼に宣告しました。「あなたはわたしの契約を破り、わたしの教えを捨てたので、あなたとあなたの一族から王国を奪い取って、ほかの者に与えることにする。 12-13だが、あなたの父ダビデに免じて、あなたが生きている間はそうはしない。あなたの息子の代から王国を取り上げる。しかしダビデのために、また、わたしが選んだ町エルサレムのために、あなたの息子を一つの部族だけの王にしよう。」
14こうして主は、エドム人ハダデが勢力を増すようにしました。ハダデはエドム王家の子孫だったので、ソロモンも神経を使うようになりました。 15かつて、ダビデがヨアブを連れて、戦死したイスラエル兵を葬りにエドムへ行った時、イスラエル軍がエドムの男子をみな打ち殺しにしたことがありました。 16-18六か月にわたる虐殺の結果、エドムの男子はほとんど死滅しました。当時、まだほんの子どもだったハダデと、彼を連れてエジプトへ逃げた数人の家来だけが難を免れたのです。彼らはこっそりミデヤンを出てパランへ行き、そこでほかの者と合流し、そろってエジプトへ逃れました。エジプトの王（ファラオ）は、彼らに家と食糧をあてがいました。
19エジプトで、ハダデは王の親友となりました。それで王はハダテに、タフペネス王妃の妹を妻として与えたのです。 20彼らは息子のゲヌバテをもうけました。ゲヌバテは、宮殿で王子たちといっしょに育ちました。 21ハダデは、エジプトでダビデもヨアブも死んだと聞き、エドムに帰る許可をファラオに求めました。
22ファラオはびっくりし、「なぜ、そんなことを言いだすのだ。何か不満でもあるのか。気に入らないことでもしたか」と聞きました。
「違います。ですが、とにかく故国へ帰りたいのです。」
23神がソロモンの敵対勢力として起こした人物が、ほかにもいます。レゾンです。彼はツォバの王ハダデエゼルの家来でしたが、持ち場を離れ、遠くへ逃げて身を隠していたのです。 24レゾンは、ダビデがツォバを滅ぼした時、いっしょにダマスコへ逃げた兵士たちで略奪隊をつくり、その隊長になりました。のちにレゾンはダマスコの王になり、 25ソロモンの生きている間、レゾンもハダデもイスラエルに敵対しました。二人とも、イスラエルをひどく憎んでいたからです。
26もう一人の反逆の指導者は、ネバテの子で、エフライムの町ツェレダ出身のヤロブアムです。彼の母ツェルアは未亡人でした。 27-28彼が反逆するに至った事情はこうです。ソロモンはミロの要塞を再建し、父ダビデが建てたエルサレムの城壁を修復しました。ヤロブアムは非常に有能だったので王に認められ、ヨセフ族から駆り出された労働者の監督になりました。
29ある日、エルサレムを出たヤロブアムは、真新しい服を着た、シロ出身の預言者アヒヤに出会いました。この時、野には彼ら二人しかいませんでした。アヒヤはヤロブアムを呼び寄せ、 30自分が着ていた新しい服を十二切れに引き裂いて、 31こう言ったのです。「このうち十切れを取りなさい。イスラエルの神、主からあなたへのおことばです。『わたしはソロモンの王国を引き裂き、そのうちの十部族をあなたに与える。 32ただし、わたしのしもべダビデと、イスラエルの町々の中でも特に大切にしているエルサレムのために、ソロモンに一つの部族（ユダとベニヤミン。この二部族は時々一つの部族とみなされた）だけ残す。 33これもみな、ソロモンがわたしを捨てて、シドン人の女神アシュタロテ、モアブ人の神ケモシュ、アモン人の神ミルコムを拝んでいるからだ。彼はわたしに従わず、わたしが正しいと考えていることを行わなかった。わたしの教えを、父ダビデのようには守らなかった。 34とはいえ、今すぐ王国を取り上げはしない。命令をよく守ったわたしの選んだしもべダビデに免じて、ソロモンが生きている間は支配者にしておこう。
35だが、彼の息子からは王国を取り上げ、十部族をあなたのものとする。 36彼の息子には一部族を与える。そうすることで、わたしの名を記念するためにわたしが選んだ町エルサレムで、ダビデの子孫が王位につくことになる。 37わたしはあなたをイスラエルの王とし、王にふさわしい力を授けよう。 38もし、あなたがわたしの命令を聞き、わたしの道を歩み、わたしが正しいと考えることを行い、わたしのしもべダビデのように命令を守るなら、あなたを祝福しよう。あなたの子孫は、いつまでもイスラエルを治めることになろう。わたしは以前、これと同じ約束をダビデにした。 39だが、ソロモンが罪を犯したので、ダビデの子孫を苦しめる。しかし、永久にそうするわけではない。』」
40ソロモンはヤロブアムを殺そうとしましたが、彼はエジプトの王シシャクのもとへ逃れ、ソロモンが死ぬまでエジプトにいました。
41そのほかの王の言行は、『ソロモンの業績の書』に記されています。 42ソロモンは四十年間、エルサレムで王位にありました。 43死後は、父ダビデの町に葬られ、彼の子レハブアムが代わって王となりました。
Solomon’s Wives
1King Solomon loved many women besides Pharaoh’s daughter. They were from other lands. They were Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians and Hittites. 2The Lord had warned Israel about women from other nations. He had said, “You must not marry them. If you do, you can be sure they will turn your hearts toward their gods.” But Solomon continued to love them anyway. He wouldn’t give them up. 3He had 700 wives who came from royal families. And he had 300 concubines. His wives led him astray. 4As Solomon grew older, his wives turned his heart toward other gods. He didn’t follow the Lord his God with all his heart. So he wasn’t like his father David. 5Solomon worshiped Ashtoreth. Ashtoreth was the female god of the Sidonians. He also worshiped Molek. Molek was the god of the Ammonites. The Lord hated that god. 6Solomon did what was evil in the sight of the Lord. He didn’t completely obey the Lord. He didn’t do what his father David had done.
7There is a hill east of Jerusalem. Solomon built a high place for worshiping Chemosh there. He built a high place for worshiping Molek there too. Chemosh was the god of Moab. Molek was the god of Ammon. The Lord hated both of those gods. 8Solomon also built high places so that all his wives from other nations could worship their gods. Those women burned incense and offered sacrifices to their gods.
9The Lord became angry with Solomon. That’s because his heart had turned away from the Lord, the God of Israel. He had appeared to Solomon twice. 10He had commanded Solomon not to worship other gods. But Solomon didn’t obey the Lord. 11So the Lord said to Solomon, “You have chosen not to keep my covenant. You have decided not to obey my rules. I commanded you to do what I told you. But you did not do it. So you can be absolutely sure I will tear the kingdom away from you. I will give it to one of your officials. 12But I will not do that while you are still living. Because of your father David I will wait. I will tear the kingdom out of your son’s hand. 13But I will not tear the whole kingdom away from him. I will give him one of the tribes because of my servant David. I will also do it because of Jerusalem. That is the city I have chosen.”
Solomon’s Enemies
14Then the Lord brought an enemy against Solomon. The enemy’s name was Hadad. He was from Edom. In fact, he belonged to the royal family of Edom. 15David had fought against Edom. Joab had been the commander of the army. He had gone up to bury the dead bodies of the Israelites who had been killed in battle. At that time he had struck down all the men in Edom. 16In fact, Joab and all the men of Israel stayed there for six months. During that time they destroyed all the men in Edom. 17But when Hadad was only a boy, he ran away to Egypt. Some officials from Edom went with him. They had served Hadad’s father. 18They started out from Midian and went to Paran. They took some people from Paran with them. Then they went to Egypt. They went to Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. He gave Hadad a house and some land. He also supplied him with food.
19Pharaoh was very pleased with Hadad. Pharaoh’s wife was Queen Tahpenes. He gave Hadad her sister to be his wife. 20The sister of Tahpenes had a son by Hadad. The baby was named Genubath. Tahpenes brought him up in the royal palace. Genubath lived there with Pharaoh’s own children.
21Hadad heard that David had joined the members of his family who had already died. He also heard that Joab, the commander of the army, was dead. Hadad heard those things while he was in Egypt. He said to Pharaoh, “Let me go. I want to return to my own country.”
22“Why do you want to go back to your own country?” Pharaoh asked. “Don’t you have everything you need right here?”
“Yes,” Hadad replied. “But I want you to let me go anyway!”
23God brought another enemy against Solomon. The enemy’s name was Rezon. He was the son of Eliada. Rezon had run away from his master Hadadezer, the king of Zobah. 24David had destroyed Zobah’s army. Then Rezon gathered together some men to follow him. He became their leader. They went to Damascus where they made their homes. They also took control of Damascus. 25Rezon was Israel’s enemy as long as Solomon was living. Rezon added to the trouble Hadad had caused. So Rezon ruled in Aram. He was Israel’s enemy.
Jeroboam Refuses to Follow Solomon
26Jeroboam refused to follow King Solomon. He was one of Solomon’s officials. He was from Zeredah in the territory of Ephraim. His father was Nebat. His mother was a widow named Zeruah.
27Here is the story of how Jeroboam refused to follow the king. Solomon had filled in the low places near the palace. He had also repaired the wall of the city of his father David. 28Jeroboam was a very important young man. Solomon saw how well he did his work. So he put him in charge of all the workers in northern Israel.
29About that time Jeroboam was going out of Jerusalem. Ahijah the prophet met him on the road. Ahijah was from Shiloh. He was wearing a new coat. The two of them were all alone out in the country. 30Ahijah grabbed the new coat he had on. He tore it up into 12 pieces. 31Then he said to Jeroboam, “Take ten pieces for yourself. The Lord is the God of Israel. He says, ‘I am going to tear the kingdom out of Solomon’s hand. I will give you ten of its tribes. 32Solomon will have one of its tribes. I will let him keep it because of my servant David and because of Jerusalem. I have chosen that city out of all the cities in the tribes of Israel. 33I will do these things because the tribes have deserted me. They have worshiped Ashtoreth, the female god of the people of Sidon. They have worshiped Chemosh, the god of the people of Moab. And they have worshiped Molek, the god of the people of Ammon. They have not lived the way I wanted them to. They have not done what is right in my eyes. They have not obeyed my rules and laws as Solomon’s father David did.
34“ ‘But I will not take the whole kingdom out of Solomon’s hand. I have made him ruler all the days of his life. I have done it because of my servant David. I chose him, and he obeyed my commands and rules. 35I will take the kingdom out of his son’s hands. And I will give you ten of the tribes. 36I will give one of the tribes to David’s son. Then my servant David will always have a son on his throne in Jerusalem. The lamp of David’s kingdom will always burn brightly in my sight. Jerusalem is the city I chose for my Name. 37But I will make you king over Israel. You will rule over everything your heart desires. So you will be the king of Israel. 38Do everything I command you to do. Live the way I want you to. Do what is right in my eyes. Obey my rules and commands. That is what my servant David did. If you do those things, I will be with you. I will build you a kingdom. It will last as long as the one I built for David. I will give Israel to you. 39I will punish David’s family because of what Solomon has done. But I will not punish them forever.’ ”
40Solomon tried to kill Jeroboam. But Jeroboam ran away to Egypt. He went to Shishak, the king of Egypt. He stayed there until Solomon died.
Solomon Dies
41The other events of Solomon’s rule are written down. Everything he did and the wisdom he showed are written down. They are written in the official records of Solomon. 42Solomon ruled in Jerusalem over the whole nation of Israel for 40 years. 43Then he joined the members of his family who had already died. He was buried in the city of his father David. Solomon’s son Rehoboam became the next king after him.
