Jonatans heltedåd og filistrenes nederlag
1En dag sagde Jonatan til den unge mand, som bar hans våben: „Kom, lad os snige os over til filistrenes udpost på den anden side af bjergpasset.” Men han sagde ikke til sin far, at han tog af sted.
2Saul og hans 600 mænd lå i lejr ved granatæbletræet på bakken14,2 På hebraisk: Gibea, som betyder bakke eller høj. Her kan det næppe henvise til byen af samme navn. ved Migron. 3Blandt mændene var også præsten Ahija, som bar den hellige efod. Hans far var Ahitub, Ikabods bror, hans farfar var Pinehas, og hans oldefar var Eli, som havde været Herrens præst i Shilo.
Ingen havde lagt mærke til, at Jonatan havde forladt lejren. 4For at nå frem til filistrene måtte Jonatan igennem et pas, som lå i en kløft med et stort klippefremspring på hver side. De to klippeformationer var kendt under navnene Botzetz og Sene. 5Den ene lå mod nord i retning af Mikmas, og den anden mod syd i retning af Geba.
6„Kom, lad os gå over til de uomskårne og ugudelige filistre,” sagde Jonatan til sin våbenbærer. „Måske vil Herren hjælpe os. Herren kan give os sejr, hvad enten vi er mange eller få.”
7„Gør, som du vil!” svarede våbendrageren. „Jeg går med dig, lige meget hvad du finder på.”
8-10„Godt, så hør her,” fortsatte Jonatan. „Vi sørger for, at de opdager os, når vi går derover. Hvis de siger: ‚Bliv stående, vi kommer ned til jer,’ så går vi ikke derop. Men hvis de siger: ‚Kom herop!’ så går vi derop, for så er det et signal fra Herren om, at han vil give os sejr.”
11Da filistrene nu fik øje på dem, råbte de til hinanden: „Se! Nogle af hebræerne er krøbet frem fra deres skjulesteder.” 12Så råbte de til Jonatan: „Kom herop, så skal vi give jer en lærestreg.”
„Følg efter mig!” sagde Jonatan til våbendrageren. „For Herren vil give Israels folk sejren.”
13Så klatrede de op ad skrænten på hænder og fødder, og Jonatan huggede filistrene ned, mens våbendrageren fulgte i hælene på ham og dræbte dem, Jonatan havde såret. 14Under dette første slag dræbte de 20 filistre på et ca. 2000 kvadratmeter stort areal. 15Samtidig sendte Gud et jordskælv, som skabte rædsel og panik blandt filistrene, både i selve lejren og udenfor blandt udkigsposterne og kampstyrkerne. 16Sauls udkigsposter i Geba14,16 På hebraisk: Benjamins Gibea/Geba/høj. Se noterne til 10,5 og 13,2. lagde mærke til den forvirring, der opstod i fjendens rækker.
17„Find ud af, om nogen af vores mænd har forladt lejren,” befalede Saul, og det viste sig, at Jonatan og hans våbendrager manglede. 18„Hent den hellige vest frem!” råbte Saul til præsten Ahija. På den tid var det nemlig Ahija, der havde ansvar for den hellige vest,14,18 I denne hellige vest, som på hebraisk hedder efod, blev de to hellige lodder, Urim og Tummim, opbevaret. Dem brugte den øverste præst til at finde Guds vilje ved lodkastning. Oversættelsen her bygger på Septuaginta. Den masoretiske tekst taler om at bringe arken frem. som man brugte, når man ville spørge Herren til råds. 19Men mens Saul talte med Ahija, blev tumulten og støjen i filistrenes lejr værre og værre. „Lad det bare være!” råbte Saul til ham. 20Så kastede Saul og hans 600 mænd sig ind i kampen, og forvirringen var så stor blandt filistrene, at de rask væk huggede hinanden ned. 21De hebræere, der før kæmpede på filistrenes side, gjorde nu mytteri og gik over på israelitternes side. 22Til sidst kom resten af de israelitiske soldater frem fra deres skjulesteder i bjergene og deltog i forfølgelsen af de flygtende filistre. 23Den dag frelste Herren Israel, og israelitterne forfulgte filistrene helt til den anden side af Bet-Aven.
Sauls dumhed
24-26Israelitterne var helt udmattede, fordi Saul havde erklæret: „Forbandet være den, som tager sig tid til at spise noget i dag, for jeg vil have fuldstændig hævn over mine fjender.” De var alle så bange for forbandelsen, at ingen turde spise noget hele dagen, ikke engang den smule honning, de fandt rundt omkring, 27Men Jonatan, der ikke havde hørt sin fars erklæring, stak sin stav i en bikage og fiskede lidt honning frem, og da han havde spist honningen, følte han sig stærk igen. 28En af mændene, som så ham gøre det, sagde: „Din far tog hele hæren i ed og sagde: ‚Forbandet være den, som spiser noget i dag.’ Det er derfor, vi alle er så udmattede.”
29„Sådan en befaling skader os kun,” udbrød Jonatan. „Se bare, hvor frisk jeg er nu efter at have spist en smule honning. 30Forestil jer, hvor mange flere fjender vi kunne have dræbt, hvis vores mænd havde spist noget af den mad, de fandt i fjendens lejr. Men nu slipper filistrene væk i stedet.”
31Efter at have kæmpet mod filistrene hele dagen fra Mikmas til Ajjalon, var krigerne så udmattede og sultne, 32at de kastede sig over krigsbyttet og begyndte at slagte får og geder, køer og kalve på den bare jord og spise kødet uden først at lade blodet løbe fra. 33Da Saul blev underrettet om, at hans hær havde syndet imod Herren ved at spise kød med blodet i, sagde han: „Det er forfærdeligt! Folket overtræder jo Guds bud! Skynd jer og rul en stor sten herhen! 34Gå så ud til krigerne og giv dem ordre til at føre køerne, gederne og fårene hertil, så vi kan slagte dem her og lade blodet løbe fra. I må ikke synde imod Herren!” I nattens løb kom krigerne med det kvæg, de havde taget i krigsbytte, og det blev slagtet efter forskrifterne. 35Der byggede Saul et alter for Herren. Det var første gang han byggede et alter.
36Bagefter opfordrede Saul sine mænd til at genoptage forfølgelsen. „Lad os forfølge filistrene hele natten og udrydde dem rub og stub,” sagde han.
„Som du vil,” svarede de. Men præsten Ahija indvendte: „Lad os først spørge Gud til råds.”
37Så spurgte Saul Gud: „Skal vi forfølge filistrene? Vil du fortsat hjælpe os med at slå dem?” Men Herren gav ikke noget svar.
38Da sammenkaldte Saul alle sine officerer og sagde til dem: „Der er noget galt, siden Gud ikke svarer os. Vi må finde ud af, hvilken synd der er begået i dag. 39Jeg sværger ved Gud på, at om så synderen er min egen søn Jonatan, skal han dø.” Men ingen turde fortælle ham sagens rette sammenhæng.
40Saul forlangte nu, at de skulle stille sig på den ene side, mens han selv og Jonatan stillede sig på den anden side. Det gjorde de. 41Så bad han denne bøn: „Herre, Israels Gud, vis os nu, hvem der har skylden. Er det Jonatan og mig, eller ligger skylden hos hæren?” Da faldt det hellige lod på Saul og Jonatan, mens hæren gik fri.
42„Okay,” fortsatte Saul, „så kast lod mellem mig og Jonatan.” Da faldt loddet på Jonatan.
43„Sig mig, hvad du har gjort,” forlangte Saul.
„Jeg spiste lidt honning fra spidsen af min stav,” svarede Jonatan. „Så lad mig da dø.”
44„Jeg har svoret en ed,” svarede Saul. „Derfor skal du dø for din ulydighed.”
45Men de omkringstående protesterede: „Ikke tale om! Det er jo Jonatan, vi kan takke for den sejr, vi har vundet i dag. Vi sværger ved den levende Gud, at vi ikke vil tillade, at der krummes et hår på hans hoved, for det var ved Guds hjælp, at han vandt sejren for os i dag.” Derved reddede mændene Jonatan fra at blive henrettet.
46Da opgav Saul at genoptage forfølgelsen, og filistrene vendte hjem til deres eget land.
Sauls militære sejre
47Nu da Saul havde styrket sin position som konge i Israel, førte han krig mod sine fjender i alle retninger: moabitterne og ammonitterne mod øst, edomitterne mod syd, Zobas konger14,47 Zoba er et område beboet af aramæere (syrere), jf. 2.Sam. 10,8, 1.Krøn. 19,6. mod nord og filistrene mod vest. Hvor som helst han kom frem, vandt han sejr over sine fjender. 48Han udførte store heltegerninger ved blandt andet at besejre amalekitterne og dermed frelse Israels folk fra deres plageånder.
49Saul havde sønnerne Jonatan, Jishvi og Malkishua, og døtrene Merab og Mikal. 50Sauls kone hed Ahinoam og var en datter af Ahima’atz. Sauls hærfører var hans fætter Abner, en søn af hans farbror, Ner. 51Ner og Sauls far, Kish, var altså brødre, og deres far hed Abiel.
52Krigen mod filistrene stod på, så længe Saul levede. Hver gang Saul så en tapper og stærk ung mand, hvervede han ham til sin hær.
1One day Jonathan, the son of Saul, spoke to the young man carrying his armor. “Come on,” he said. “Let’s go over to the Philistine army camp on the other side of the pass.” But he didn’t tell his father about it.
2Saul was staying just outside Gibeah. He was under a pomegranate tree in Migron. He had about 600 men with him. 3Ahijah was one of them. He was wearing a sacred linen apron. He was a son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub. Ahitub was the son of Eli’s son Phinehas. Eli had been the Lord’s priest in Shiloh. No one was aware that Jonathan had left.
4Jonathan planned to go across the pass to reach the Philistine camp. But there was a cliff on each side of the pass. One cliff was called Bozez. The other was called Seneh. 5One cliff stood on the north side of the pass toward Mikmash. The other stood on the south side toward Geba.
6Jonathan spoke to the young man carrying his armor. He said, “Come on. Let’s go over to the camp of those fellows who aren’t circumcised. Perhaps the Lord will help us. If he does, it won’t matter how many or how few of us there are. That won’t keep the Lord from saving us.”
7“Go ahead,” the young man said. “Do everything you have in mind. I’m with you all the way.”
8Jonathan said, “Come on, then. We’ll go across the pass toward the Philistines and let them see us. 9Suppose they say to us, ‘Wait there until we come to you.’ Then we’ll stay where we are. We won’t go up to them. 10But suppose they say, ‘Come up to us.’ Then we’ll climb up. That will show us that the Lord has handed them over to us.”
11So Jonathan and the young man let the soldiers in the Philistine camp see them. “Look!” said the Philistines. “Some of the Hebrews are crawling out of the holes they were hiding in.” 12The men in the Philistine camp shouted to Jonathan and the young man carrying his armor. They said, “Come on up here. We’ll teach you a thing or two.”
So Jonathan said to the young man, “Climb up after me. The Lord has handed them over to Israel.”
13Using his hands and feet, Jonathan climbed up. The young man was right behind him. Jonathan struck down the Philistines. The young man followed him and killed those who were still alive. 14In that first attack, Jonathan and the young man killed about 20 men. They did it in an area of about half an acre.
Israel Chases the Philistines Away
15Then panic struck the whole Philistine army. It struck those who were in the camp and those in the field. It struck those who were at the edge of the camp. It also struck those who were in the groups that had been sent out to attack Israel. The ground shook. It was a panic that God had sent.
16Saul’s lookouts at Gibeah in the land of Benjamin saw what was happening. They saw the Philistine army melting away in all directions. 17Then Saul spoke to the men with him. He said, “Bring the troops together. See who has left our camp.” When they did, they discovered that Jonathan and the young man carrying his armor weren’t there.
18Saul said to Ahijah the priest, “Bring the ark of God.” At that time it was with the Israelites. 19While Saul was talking to the priest, the noise in the Philistine camp got louder and louder. So Saul said to the priest, “Stop what you are doing.”
20Then Saul and all his men gathered together. They went to the battle. They saw that the Philistines were in total disorder. They were striking one another with their swords. 21At an earlier time some of the Hebrews had been on the side of the Philistines. They had gone up with them to their camp. But now they changed sides. They joined the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22Some of the Israelites had hidden in the hill country of Ephraim. They heard that the Philistines were running away. They quickly joined the battle and chased after them. 23So on that day the Lord saved Israel. And the fighting continued on past Beth Aven.
Jonathan Eats Honey
24The Israelites became very hungry that day. That’s because Saul had forced the army to make a promise. He had said, “None of you must eat any food before evening comes. You must not eat until I’ve paid my enemies back for what they did. If you do, may you be under a curse!” So none of the troops ate any food at all.
25The whole army entered the woods. There was honey on the ground. 26When they went into the woods, they saw the honey dripping out of a honeycomb. No one put any of the honey in his mouth. They were afraid of the curse that would come if they broke their promise. 27But Jonathan hadn’t heard that his father had forced the army to make a promise. Jonathan had a long stick in his hand. He reached out and dipped the end of it into the honeycomb. He put some honey in his mouth. It gave him new life. 28Then one of the soldiers told him, “Your father forced the army to make a promise that everyone must obey. He said, ‘None of you must eat any food today. If you do, may you be under a curse!’ That’s why the men are weak and ready to faint.”
29Jonathan said, “My father has made trouble for the country. See how I gained new life after I tasted a little of this honey. 30Our soldiers took food from their enemies today. Suppose they had eaten some of it. How much better off they would have been! Even more Philistines would have been killed.”
31That day the Israelites struck down the Philistines. They killed them from Mikmash to Aijalon. By that time they were tired and worn out. 32They grabbed what they had taken from their enemies. They killed some of the sheep, cattle and calves right there on the ground. They ate the meat while the blood was still in it. 33Then someone said to Saul, “Look! The men are sinning against the Lord. They’re eating meat that still has blood in it.”
Saul said to them, “You have broken your promise. Roll a large stone over here at once.” 34He continued, “Go out among the men. Tell them, ‘Each of you bring me your cattle and sheep. Kill them here and eat them. Don’t sin against the Lord by eating meat that still has blood in it.’ ”
So that night everyone brought the ox he had taken and killed it there. 35Then Saul built an altar to honor the Lord. It was the first time he had done that.
36Saul said, “Let’s go down and chase after the Philistines tonight. Let’s not leave even one of them alive. Let’s take everything they have before morning.”
“Do what you think is best,” they replied.
But the priest said, “Let’s ask God for advice first.”
37So Saul asked God, “Should I go down and chase after the Philistines? Will you hand them over to Israel?” But God didn’t answer him that day.
38Saul said to the leaders of the army, “Come here. Let’s find out what sin has been committed today. 39The Lord is the one who rescues Israel. You can be sure that the Lord lives. And you can be just as sure that the sinner must die. He must die even if he’s my son Jonathan.” But no one said anything.
40Then Saul said to all the Israelites, “You stand over there. I and my son Jonathan will stand over here.”
“Do what you think is best,” they replied.
41Then Saul prayed to the Lord, the God of Israel. He said, “Why haven’t you answered your servant today? If I or my son Jonathan is to blame, answer with Urim. But if the Israelites are to blame, answer with Thummim.” Jonathan and Saul were chosen by casting lots. The other men were cleared of blame. 42Saul said, “Cast the lot to find out whether I or my son Jonathan is to blame.” And Jonathan was chosen.
43Then Saul said to Jonathan, “Tell me what you have done.”
So Jonathan told him, “I used the end of my stick to get a little honey and taste it. And now do I have to die?”
44Saul said, “Jonathan, I must certainly put you to death. If I don’t, may God punish me greatly.”
45But the men said to Saul, “Should Jonathan be put to death? Never! He has saved Israel in a wonderful way. He did it today with God’s help. You can be sure that the Lord lives. And you can be just as sure that not even one hair on Jonathan’s head will fall to the ground.” So the men rescued Jonathan. He wasn’t put to death.
46Then Saul stopped chasing the Philistines. They went back to their own land.
47After Saul became the king of Israel, he fought against Israel’s enemies who were all around them. He went to war against Moab, Ammon and Edom. He fought against the kings of Zobah and the Philistines. No matter where he went, he punished his enemies. 48He fought bravely. He won the battle over the Amalekites. He saved Israel from the power of those who had carried off what belonged to Israel.
Saul’s Family
49Saul’s sons were Jonathan, Ishvi and Malki-Shua. Saul’s older daughter was named Merab. His younger daughter was named Michal. 50Saul’s wife was named Ahinoam. She was the daughter of Ahimaaz. The commander of Saul’s army was named Abner. He was the son of Ner. Ner was Saul’s uncle. 51Saul’s father Kish and Abner’s father Ner were sons of Abiel.
52As long as Saul was king, he had to fight hard against the Philistines. So every time Saul saw a strong or brave man, he took him into his army.
