Jakobs sidste ord til sine 12 sønner
1Derefter tilkaldte Jakob alle sine sønner, og de samlede sig omkring ham: „Nu skal jeg fortælle jer, hvordan det vil gå jer fremover.
2Kom og hør, I Jakobs sønner,
lyt til Israel, jeres far!
3Ruben, du min ældste søn,
det første skud på stammen,
ypperlig i rang og styrke,
4men uregerlig som havets bølger.
Du mistede din forret som førstefødt,
for du gik i seng med din fars kone.
Hvilken skændig handling
at vanære sin far sådan.
5Simeon og Levi, to alen af ét stykke,
mænd af vold og vrede ord.
6Jeres planer og motiver kan jeg ikke acceptere,
i galskab myrdede I mennesker og lemlæstede okser for sjov.
7Forbandet være jeres hidsighed,
forbandet jeres vrede og vold.
I bliver adskilt i Israel,
spredt ud over landet.
8Juda, dine brødre vil juble,
når du tilintetgør dine fjender.
Ja, dine brødre skal bøje sig for dig.
9Juda er en løve, der vogter over sit bytte.
Når han hviler sig, hvem tør da vække ham?
10Scepteret skal tilhøre Juda,
og han skal herske,
indtil den rette hersker kommer,49,10 Betydningen af det hebraiske shilo er omstridt, men det henviser nok til den Messiaskonge, der skulle komme fra Judas slægt.
han, som alle folkeslag skal lyde.
11Han binder sit æsel til en vinstok
og vasker sit tøj i druesaft.
12Hans øjne er mørkere end rødvin,
hans tænder hvidere end mælk.
13Zebulon vil havne ved havet,
hans land bliver hjemsted for skibe,
det strækker sig helt til Sidon.
14Issakar er stærk som et æsel,
han hviler sig mellem kvægfoldene.
15Når han opdager, hvor godt et sted, han har fundet
og hvor frugtbart landet er,
tager han villigt åget på skuldrene
og arbejder hårdt for føden.
16Dan skaffer sit folk deres ret
så godt som nogen af Israels stammer.
17Han er som en slange på stien,
hugger i hestens hæl, så rytteren styrter.
18Åh Gud, du er vores redning!
19Gad bliver angrebet af omstrejfende bander,
men han forfølger og udplyndrer dem.
20Asher får en overflod af afgrøder
og kan levere til kongens hof.
21Naftali løber frit omkring,
kommer gerne med smukke ord.49,21 Eller: „smukt afkom”. Oversættelsen er usikker i flere af disse korte, poetiske vers.
22Josef er som en vinstok, plantet ved kilden,
hvis ranker spreder sig over muren.
23Han blev beskudt med bitterheds pile,
hans modstandere behandlede ham hårdt,
24men han holdt sin bue med fasthed,
hans stærke arme rystede ikke.
Han blev hjulpet af Jakobs mægtige Gud,
og igennem det blev han en hyrde,
en frelser for Israels folk.
25Din fars Gud er din hjælper,
og den Almægtige velsigner dig
med himlens velsignelser ovenfra
og jordens velsignelser nedenfra,
med ægteskabelige glæder
og med mange børn.
26Den velsignelse, du får fra din far,
overgår de ældgamle bjerges velsignelser
og det, de evige høje kan tilbyde.
Må disse velsignelser hvile på Josefs hoved,
på issen af fyrsten blandt brødre.
27Benjamin er som en ulv på rov.
Han æder af sit bytte om morgenen
og deler ud af sit overskud om aftenen.”
28Det var, hvad Jakob sagde til Israels 12 stammeoverhoveder. Hver især fik de deres særlige ord med på vejen.
Jakobs død og begravelse
29Til sidst sagde Jakob til sine sønner: „Nu skal jeg dø. Begrav mig hos mine forfædre i Kana’ans land i hulen på Makpela-marken øst for Mamre, den mark, som Abraham købte af hittitten Efron. 30-32I den gravhule ligger Abraham og Sara begravet. Der ligger også Isak og Rebekka, og der har jeg selv begravet Lea.” 33Med disse ord til sine sønner udtrykte Jakob sin sidste vilje. Så lagde han sig til rette i sengen og drog sit sidste åndedrag.
Jacob Blesses His Sons
1Then Jacob called for his sons and said: “Gather around so I can tell you what will happen to you in days to come.
2“Assemble and listen, sons of Jacob;
listen to your father Israel.
3“Reuben, you are my firstborn,
my might, the first sign of my strength,
excelling in honor, excelling in power.
4Turbulent as the waters, you will no longer excel,
for you went up onto your father’s bed,
onto my couch and defiled it.
5“Simeon and Levi are brothers—
their swords49:5 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain. are weapons of violence.
6Let me not enter their council,
let me not join their assembly,
for they have killed men in their anger
and hamstrung oxen as they pleased.
7Cursed be their anger, so fierce,
and their fury, so cruel!
I will scatter them in Jacob
and disperse them in Israel.
8“Judah,49:8 Judah sounds like and may be derived from the Hebrew for praise. your brothers will praise you;
your hand will be on the neck of your enemies;
your father’s sons will bow down to you.
9You are a lion’s cub, Judah;
you return from the prey, my son.
Like a lion he crouches and lies down,
like a lioness—who dares to rouse him?
10The scepter will not depart from Judah,
nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,49:10 Or from his descendants
until he to whom it belongs49:10 Or to whom tribute belongs; the meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain. shall come
and the obedience of the nations shall be his.
11He will tether his donkey to a vine,
his colt to the choicest branch;
he will wash his garments in wine,
his robes in the blood of grapes.
12His eyes will be darker than wine,
his teeth whiter than milk.49:12 Or will be dull from wine, / his teeth white from milk
13“Zebulun will live by the seashore
and become a haven for ships;
his border will extend toward Sidon.
14“Issachar is a rawboned49:14 Or strong donkey
lying down among the sheep pens.49:14 Or the campfires; or the saddlebags
15When he sees how good is his resting place
and how pleasant is his land,
he will bend his shoulder to the burden
and submit to forced labor.
16“Dan49:16 Dan here means he provides justice. will provide justice for his people
as one of the tribes of Israel.
17Dan will be a snake by the roadside,
a viper along the path,
that bites the horse’s heels
so that its rider tumbles backward.
18“I look for your deliverance, Lord.
19“Gad49:19 Gad sounds like the Hebrew for attack and also for band of raiders. will be attacked by a band of raiders,
but he will attack them at their heels.
20“Asher’s food will be rich;
he will provide delicacies fit for a king.
21“Naphtali is a doe set free
that bears beautiful fawns.49:21 Or free; / he utters beautiful words
22“Joseph is a fruitful vine,
a fruitful vine near a spring,
whose branches climb over a wall.49:22 Or Joseph is a wild colt, / a wild colt near a spring, / a wild donkey on a terraced hill
23With bitterness archers attacked him;
they shot at him with hostility.
24But his bow remained steady,
his strong arms stayed49:23,24 Or archers will attack… will shoot… will remain… will stay limber,
because of the hand of the Mighty One of Jacob,
because of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,
25because of your father’s God, who helps you,
because of the Almighty,49:25 Hebrew Shaddai who blesses you
with blessings of the skies above,
blessings of the deep springs below,
blessings of the breast and womb.
26Your father’s blessings are greater
than the blessings of the ancient mountains,
than49:26 Or of my progenitors, / as great as the bounty of the age-old hills.
Let all these rest on the head of Joseph,
on the brow of the prince among49:26 Or of the one separated from his brothers.
27“Benjamin is a ravenous wolf;
in the morning he devours the prey,
in the evening he divides the plunder.”
28All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them, giving each the blessing appropriate to him.
The Death of Jacob
29Then he gave them these instructions: “I am about to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite, 30the cave in the field of Machpelah, near Mamre in Canaan, which Abraham bought along with the field as a burial place from Ephron the Hittite. 31There Abraham and his wife Sarah were buried, there Isaac and his wife Rebekah were buried, and there I buried Leah. 32The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittites.49:32 Or the descendants of Heth”
33When Jacob had finished giving instructions to his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed, breathed his last and was gathered to his people.
